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Home > Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium Ii Complexes With Thioureas, Heterocyclic Thiones and Phosphine Derivatives

Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium Ii Complexes With Thioureas, Heterocyclic Thiones and Phosphine Derivatives

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Aziz, Iffat.

Program

PhD

Institute

Quaid-I-Azam University

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9395/1/one%20word%20doc.thesis.iffat%20aziz.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727459230

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The interaction of thioureas with metal ions has been the subject of numerous recent investigations because of their variable binding modes and because of the relevance of their binding sites to those in living systems. The complexes of palladium(II) in this regard are particularly important because of its similarity to platinum(II) complexes. Forty palladium compounds of formula [Pd(L1)2(L2)2]Cl2, where L1 = thioureas (Tu), Methylthiourea (Mtu), dimethylthiourea (Dmtu), tetramethylthiourea (Tmtu), 2-mercaptopyridine (2Mpy) and 2-mercaptopyrimidine, 6-mercaptopurine and 4-mercaptopyrimidine, L2 = Tri-p-tolylphosphine, Tri-o-tolylphosphine, Benzyldiphenylphosphine, Tris-4-chlorophenylphosphine and cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine have been synthesized by the reaction of K2[PdCl4] to phosphine and after that thiones ligands. The complexes (1), (2) and (3) were also characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The spectral and crystallographic data suggest that the complexes show sulphur coordination of thioureas/heterocyclic thiones and phosphorous coordination of phosphines to palladium(II). The geometry of palladium(II) is distorted square planar. The antibacterial activities against bacterial strains were checked using Imipenum as reference. The antitumor ability for MCF7 tumor cell line was found comparable to that of doxorubicin. The investigated compounds have shown a relatively less cytotoxic effect in brine shrimp bioassay study. The antioxidant activity indicate potential for further study. The results designate that palladium complexes with thiones and phosphines ligands should be studied further for their use as anticancer palladium drugs in future.
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ترے دعوے ترے وعدے کبھی سچے نہیں نکلے

ترے دعوے ،ترے وعدے کبھی سچے نہیں نکلے
کہ ہم تکتے رہے تھے راہ تم گھر سے نہیں نکلے

کہیں کیا، حادثہ تو روز ہی ہوتا رہا کوئی
یوں اچھے دن بھی اپنے خیر سے اچھے نہیں نکلے

یہی ہے عشق جب بھی پھونک ڈالا آگ نے گھر تو
کھلونے چھوڑ کر باہر کبھی بچے نہیں نکلے

دمِ آخر جو میرے ان لبوں پر نام تھا اُن کا
وفاؤں کے یہ دھاگے شکر ہے کچے نہیں نکلے

تری تو ہے خدائی اے خدا سارے جہانوں پر
تعجب ہے کہ تجھ سے بھی مگر رستے نہیں نکلے

Konsep Ekopark Dan Ekowisata Di Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kawasan Pusat Pemerintahan Pasaman Barat

Kabupaten Pasaman Barat berada di Proponsi Sumatera Barat, ibu kota-nya adalah di Simpang Ampek. Potensi kawasan Simpang Ampek ini merupakan kawasan strategis sebagai pusat pemerintahan, pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sosial budaya masyarakat Pasaman Barat, jika pertumbuhan semua sektor ini tidak berdasarkan Rencana Tata Bangunan dan Lingkungan yang sudah di rencanakan maka akan berdampak negatif di segala bidang. Di Kawasan Pemerintahan ini terdapat Peruntukan lahan Sebagai Ruang Terbuka Hijau berada pada zona II di kawasan Pemerintahan Pasaman Barat Padang Tujuh. Perencanaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau untuk publik seharusnya mengacu kepada kelestarian Lingkungan alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan konsep rancangan ekopark dan ekowisata untuk menunjang kelestarian alam. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang menganalisa studi lapangan maupun literatur, dengan cara mengidentifikasikan masalah-masalah yang ada di lokasi penelitian atau site dan sekitar site sehingga mendapatkan hasil dari pemecahan masalah, untuk menemukan sebuah Konsep Rancangan Ekopark dan Ekowisata pada Peruntukan lahan Ruang Terbuka Hijau.

Impact of Capacity Building of Teachers of Govt. Boys Primary Schools on Class Room Teaching in District Swat.

The study attempted to find out the impact of capacity building of teachers of Government Primary schools on classroom teaching. The objectives of the study were to find out the strengths and weaknesses of the capacity building initiatives for professional development of teachers of Govt: Boys` Primary Schools in district Swat and to make recommendations for improving the current efforts for capacity building of primary school teachers. Capacity is developed when individuals are motivated to use knowledge, skills and resources in order to enhanced organizational objectives, The population of the study included 841 Headmasters of Government Boys` Primary Schools, 3034 senior teachers and 50535 students. Of those 252 (30%) Headmasters, 910 (30%) Senior Teachers and 15160 (30%) students were randomly selected for sampling reason being that total population of teachers could not be covered. An opinionnaire containing eleven statements was handed over to Head Masters, a questionnaire containing eleven questions were handed over to the teachers who had received training and a checklist for classroom observation of 5th class students of 101 primary schools in district Swat. The relevant literature was reviewed, which provided indicators for development of tools. The data obtained were quantified and described. In order to measure the internal reliability of the opionionnaire, Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Test was applied for estimating the reliability of the data. The value of Cronbach Alpha was 0.89, which indicated a high level of internal reliability. The Chi-Square Test of Association was also applied for checking the results to show association between the responses of Head Masters and Teachers. It showed that there were no significant differences in the responses of both Head Masters and Teachers. The results revealed that Head Masters could play more effective role for school effectiveness by developing clear vision; providing instructional feedback to teachers; effective monitoring and supervisory mechanism; setting a democratic environment conducive to teaching learning process and involving the stakeholders in decision-making. The results of the study further indicated that school effectiveness owed itself to capable Head Masters, committed staff, non-political intervention, a procedure of incentives and disincentives, positive feedback to teachers and last, but not the least, a continuous instructional supervision to what happened in classroom. The recommendations for improving classroom teaching required continuous on-the-job training, commitment of teachers to the teaching profession and improved pedagogical skills of teachers as well as updating classroom management.