قراءات متواترہ وشاذہ سے تفسیر قرآن

Among different ways of exegeting based on narrative method (Tafseer bil-Ma’thoor), the most reliable form is to interpret the Quran by Quran itself. There are numerous ways in which Quran elaborates its meaning one of which is the use of Qira’aat (i.e. Dialectical method). The use of different variations of reciting Quranic words elaborates its meaning. An important point to note here is that the difference in Qira’aat corroborates the diversity in the meaning and their comprehensiveness not their inconformity. Qira’aat are categorized by the scholars in two categories: There are those that are narrated and transmitted by multiplicity (Tawaatur) while others do not fulfill such criteria and are therefore denoted by the term (Shaazzah). This papers seeks to substantiate the method of interpreting the Quran by both forms of Qiraa’aat and concludes that both of these were actually revealed by Allah and are both reliable in terms of exegeting the Quranic text

Developing a Meal-Planning Exchange List for Traditional Pakistani Dishes

Pakistani cuisine is culturally diverse as most of the dishes are one-pot combination dishes, the nutritional composition of which are not available in any Food Composition Tables thus the aim of the study was to develop a Meal Planning Exchange List (MPEL) for Traditional Pakistani Dishes (TPDs). Mixed method sequential exploratory research design was used for this purpose. Data was collected from housewives via focus group discussion and 30 TPDs were selected which made the foundation of the study. The TPDs were prepared according to the recipes provided by the participants of focus group and net weight of recipes was recorded. Proximate analysis of the dishes was done following the AOAC procedures. Using theoretical triangulation the 30 selected TPDs were grouped into 9 groups and the serving size was adjusted in such a manner that the macro-nutrient and energy content of each TPD in the amount stated was equal to the other TPD within the group ; one way ANOVA established that there was no statistical difference (p value ≥0.05) within the group, and as such mean of macro-nutrients could be representative of each group. The TPDs were categorized under the Bean & Lentil group; Cereal group; Meat group enlisted both lean and medium fat separately; and Vegetable group presented as Non-starchy and Starchy Vegetables. One-pot combination TPDs were also grouped together as Meat & Meat Substitute (medium fat ) plus nonstarchy vegetables; Meat (medium fat) plus starchy vegetables; and lastly Meat (both lean & medium fat) with cereal group. Thus, the developed MPEL is comparable to any other FEL worldwide and is ready to be used countrywide for meal planning of Pakistani population both at home and overseas. Keywords: Meal Planning Exchange List (MPEL), Traditional Pakistani Dishes (TPDs). The Blessings of Allah (Subhan-o-Tallah) & prayers of my mother has made this possible.