کاکا محمد اسمٰعیل مرحوم مدراسی
( مولوی ثناء اﷲ)
کاکا اسمٰعیل صاحب مرحوم قوم ملت کی ان شخصیتوں میں تھے، جنھوں نے لاکھوں روپیہ کمایا اور لاکھوں قوم و ملت کی راہ میں صرف کیا، ہندوستان کے بہت سے مذہبی و قومی ادارے ان کی فیاضی سے سیراب ہوئے تھے، ایسے محسن قوم کے حالات سے دوسرے ارباب ثروت سبق حاصل کرسکتے ہیں۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی)
علاقہ مدراس ضلع نارتھ آرکاٹ کا تاریخی مقام گڑھ آمبور کاکا محمد اسمٰعیل صاحب کا وطن تھا، آپ کے والد کاکا حاجی محمد عمر صاحب ایک دیندار بزرگ، دولتمند تاجر علماء کے عقیدت مند، فیاض اور غریب پرور تھے، دینی اور اصلاحی کاموں میں پیش پیش رہتے تھے، مدراس کی روشن کمپنی جو علم نوازی میں مشہور تھی اور اب بند ہوگئی آپ اس کے ایک رکن تھے، گڑھ آمبور سے متصل اپنے نام کی مناسبت سے عمرآباد نامی ایک گاؤں آباد کیا اور وہیں ایک اعلیٰ دینی درسگاہ و مدرسہ دارالسلام کے نام سے ۱۹۲۴ء میں قائم کی چند ہی سال بعد دسمبر ۱۹۲۷ء میں آپ کا انتقال ہوگیا، آپ کے بعد آپ کے فرزند اکبر کاکا محمد اسمٰعیل صاحب نے جملہ کاروبار کو نہایت خوبی سے سنبھالا، والد مرحوم کی جملہ خوبیوں کے علاوہ آپ میں اور بھی بہت سے کمالات تھے، علمی اور دینی خدمت کے جذبہ سے سرشار تھے، دولت کا بیشتر حصہ ملی و قومی کاموں میں خرچ کرتے تھے، صاحب دل مخلص، موحد اور متبع سنت تھے، متعدد علمی ادارے بذات خود چلارہے تھے، حسب ذیل ادارے آپ کی یادگار ہیں:
۱۔ جامعہ داراسلام عمر آباد: یہ ایک اعلیٰ دینی درس گاہ ہے جس طلباء کی تعداد سوسے متجاوز ہے، اس میں رہائش، خوراک اور درسی کتابوں کا انتظام بغیر کسی فیس کے مدرسہ کی طرف سے ہوتا ہے، اساتذہ کی تعداد گیارہ بارہ...
Ethics and economy positively correlate with each other. Islam has a strong relation with both economy and ethics. Mentioning him (SAW) as a great moral character, the Holy Quran refers towards the life of the prophet (SAW) in order to learn the moral values. The current paper studies the seerah of the Holy Prophet (SAW) to know how in the contemporary age his teachings can provide solutions regarding the issues related to economy. It is argued that he proved through his character and teachings that by adopting the economic and moral system of Islam, one can spend a good moral and prosperous life. Moreover, a careful study of his Sunnah also suggests that one cannot get success in his economic life without building a good moral character. Therefore, it is suggested that adoption of Islam as a moral and economic system will ensure success not in the world but the world hereafter as well.
Pakistan has experienced worst environmental impacts of heavy rains and flooding during the last decade. These extreme environmental conditions became responsible for the outbreak of many fatal diseases like the sudden outbreak of dengue fever in different cities of Pakistan. The high death toll in Lahore city as a result of dengue fever during the year 2011 became an awakening signal to look into the mysteries and myths behind this disease. The present research intended to study the physical environments that have been responsible to cause the sudden mega outbreak of dengue fever during 2011 in Lahore. The comparison of climatic and social covariates of four selected cities of Pakistan (Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi) has conducted for the years 2009-2012 to analyze the factors that serve and do not serve the spread of dengue fever in urban areas. The reasons and regions of higher risk of dengue fever transmission have been identified by land use classification, processing of digital elevation models, and analyzing the climate and social covariates. Landsat 30 m TM imagery, SPOT 10 m imagery, and SRTM 90 m DEM have been used for the analysis. The Dengue fever case registry, climatic data sets, travelling data, population data, and malaria case registry for the study period have been acquired from respective national departments. The land use 8 classification has done to analyze the change in urbanization over a period of time. DEMs have been processed to identify the drainage patterns and magnitude of drainage density in study areas. The changes in climate covariates like rainfall, temperature, and wind speed; social covariates like population, travelling, change in urbanization, drainage density and patterns have also been analyzed. A macro level study to understand the dengue transmission in urban environmental gradients has conducted comprising the analyses of flow accumulation, drainage pattern, drainage density, change in population, change in urbanization, dengue incidence during 2009-2012, and climate covariates. A micro level study to understand the dengue transmission and identifying the high risk prone localities has conducted comprising the hotspot analysis, outlier analysis, and regression analysis. Furthermore, the relationship of daily dengue fever incidence with climate covariates during the months of July-October for the year 2011 has also analyzed. The aspect of relationship of dengue fever occurrence with other factors and malaria has analyzed to fill the research gap. The relationship between the occurrences of dengue fever and Malaria, dengue fever and flooding, dengue fever and population, and dengue fever and travelling in the study areas for the years 2009-2012 have been taken into account. Linear Regression Model, Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLM) with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm has computed to see the random effects of different social (population, travelling, and malaria) and climate (minimum- maximum temperature, and rainfall) covariates on dengue fever occurrence. Neural Network with Multilayer Perceptron has used to analyze the normalized importance of different covariates relative to dengue fever occurrence. At the end, the general Dengue prevention and control strategies have been discussed. Results suggest that the low elevation areas with calm winds and higher than the normal minimum temperatures, rapid increase in unplanned urbanization and population, low flow accumulation, and higher drainage density areas favored the dengue fever transmission. The hotspot analysis highlighted the high risk prone urban localities of four cities. Regression model highlighted the risk prone localities and relationship of dengue fever occurrence with population and area of localities. Results show that each dry spell of 2-4 days have provided the suitable conditions for the development and survival of Dengue vector during the wet months of July and August (2011) in the areas of high stream density and population. It has revealed that most of the dengue fever cases reported after the onset of summer monsoon season. Very few cases have been reported in July while higher numbers of cases have reported in the months of August, September, until late October 9 during 2011. Flooding, travelling, population and occurrence of Malaria have significantly affected the occurrence of dengue fever in the study areas. Magnitude of these relationships has also shown by the results of neural network. Change in occurrence of Malaria has affected the occurrence of dengue fever as much as 5.4 times, whereas GLM with MCMC also showed significant random effects of malaria, population and rainfall on the dengue fever occurrence during the studied years (2009-2012). The efficiency of control activities may be improved by highlighting the localities of higher risk within a vulnerable region. Recognizing the high risk areas of dengue fever threat will strengthen the control strategies and support in reducing the impacts for future. Such studies would also be helpful in the decision-making on public health prevention programs. The present study of recent Dengue risk burden and distribution in four major cities of Pakistan will become the basis for future endeavors and help to achieve the goal in mitigation of this dreadly disease.