اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں مروجہ پاکستانی ٹریفک قوانین کی پاسداری کی اہمیت

Islam is a comprehensive code of conduct which encompasses to each sphere of human life. This also owns and endorses those manmade rules which serve the cause of humanity and not entering to its fundamentals. Adherence to Pakistani Traffic rules also falls under the preview of the same doctrine. It is very pertinent to note here, that the same traffic rules such as fastening of seat built, proper use of indicators, speed control etc. Have been devised to ensure the safety which starts from a pedestrian and ends up to a rider of any vehicle class. Any violation of traffic rules is an indirect breech of divine discipline imposed by Allah the Almighty. If the violation costs any damage, injury or fatal accident, this will directly be dealt under the principles set by Islam. This study aims at highlighting the significance of adherence to traffic rules which is directly linked to the ground safety. This ultimately serves the main purpose of saving any precious human life. If the same is ensured, no doubt the purpose of the holy verse would be fulfilled

The Relationship of Organizational Learning and Competitive Advantage: A Case Study of Petroleum Companies of Pakistan

The concept of organizational learning has been the area of attention for academicians, practitioners, and researchers for decades. Organizational developments as a subject realized the significance of cognitive learning and behavioral development; and embraced the idea of ‘learning organization’ because of its potential to create and sustain competitive advantage in an organization. The purpose of the study is to explore the characteristics of a learning organization and examine the relationship of organizational learning and competitive advantage. Knowledge acquired is disseminated through learning in organization. It is noted that the petroleum companies are knowledge intensive and learning oriented, equipped with latest technologies and facing intense competition. In Pakistan, no empirical research work has been done to explore the concept of learning organization to date. Literature review revealed systems thinking, mental models/culture, shared vision/mission, leadership, knowledge/information flow, personal mastery and team learning as antecedents of a learning organization. Survey questionnaire was distributed in all four strata of petroleum companies and in response of 225 questionnaires 170 were received back, out of which 165 were valid. Multiple regression analytic technique was applied to test the hypotheses. Statistical analysis revealed that all chosen characteristics of a learning organization significantly contribute towards achievement of competitive advantage. Shared vision and systems thinking emerged as most significant contributors. This study signifies the impact of learning to achieve competitive advantage and requires the attention of executives and practitioners of organization development. It demands that the concept of learning organization if implemented with strategic intent in petroleum companies of Pakistan can be a sustainable source to develop and prepare organizations to cope up and adapt the environmental changes proactively.