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Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Fluorescent Brightening Agents on Synthetic Fibers

Thesis Info

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Author

Mahwish, ,

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13281/1/Mehwish_Applied_Chemistry_2015_Univ_of_Karachi_15.6.206.docx

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727504086

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Names like “Fluorescent Whitening Agents”, “Optical Brighteners” and “Optical Bleach” are all used to describe the product “Fluorescent Brightening Agents”, but the term “FBAs” is preferably used because it has been taken from Chemical Abstracts. FBA is an organic compound. Most commercially available fluorescent brighteners are stilbene based having symmetric or asymmetric structures. Symmetric compounds are derivatives of 4,4''-bis(1,3,5-triazinylamino)stilbene-2,2''-disulfonic acid prepared by the reaction of 1mole of 4,4''-diaminostilbene-2,2''-disulfonic acid with 2 mole of cyanuric chloride. Synthesis of asymmetric compounds is also more expensive than symmetric compounds that’s why asymmetric compounds never become commercially important. The change in structure will effect on solubility, substrate affinity and on other properties. In this research stilbene based FBAs were synthesized from reaction of 4,4''-diaminostilbene-2,2''-disulfonic acid with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and then substitution of different nucleophilic amines on triazine moiety yielded FBAs. Substitution of different electron donating, electron withdrawing and solubilizing groups on these nucleophilic amines has great effect on properties of FBAs. The newly synthesized FBAs were characterized by UV-Visible, IR, Mass and 1H-NMR spectral data and applied on polyamide and cotton fabrics. All FBAs were light yellow in color. The performance of these FBAs was evaluated by different fastness measurements. All FBAs showed fastness grating in the range of 4-5 that is good quality performance. The color of FBAs were characterized by color co-ordinates L*, a*, b*, which in turn provide very powerful tool of objective color measurement, practiced in a modern industrial world. 3D-QSPR technique with the help of CoMFA model was applied on our synthesized FBAs.In this research we correlate CoMFA model with the absorbtivity of FBAs. A negative correlation has been observed because FBAs had low value of absorbtivity. The reason behind that is FBAs are light colored compounds they do not form covalent linkage with the fiber as like reactive dyes. They just adsorb on the fiber that’s why they had low value of absorbtivity.
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