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Synthesis, Charcterization and Biological Applications of Some Bis-Schiff Bases and Their Metal Complexes

Thesis Info

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Author

Khan, Zahid

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Chemistry

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12947/1/Zahid_Khan_HSR_2017_Chemistry_UoK_Karachi_30.05.2018.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727523355

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This thesis presents the out comings of research work carried out to study some Schiff bases and their transition metal complexes from their prospect biological perspective. Six Schiff bases and their twenty four new complexes of Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2 and Zn+ were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibition and urease inhibition potentials. In order to characterize synthesized compounds, various physical and analytical methods were employed including CHN micro analysis, EI Mass spectroscopy, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, AAS, FTIR spectroscopy UVVis., scanning electron microscopy, conductivity measurements and magnetic susceptibility studies. It was determined that complexes of Cu+2 and Zn+2 had tetrahedral and distorted tetrahedral geometries respectively while complexes of Co+2 and Ni+2 acquired octahedral geometries. The complexes were found better antimicrobial agents than their parent Schiff base ligands. The antimicrobial activity of complexes was observed to be dose dependent, as the test concentration was increased the activity was also increased. Similar pattern was found for antifungal activity as well. The mechanism of antimicrobial action of complexes was suggested as the reduced polar metal center increases the lipophilic characteristic which is favorable for antimicrobial inhibition potential. Schiff base ligands were found more potent antioxidant agents than the complexes. The complexes showed less or no antioxidant potential and it was associated with deprotonation of hydroxyl group upon chelation. In the case of α-glucosidase inhibition potency, the metal complexes were noticeably more potent than the corresponding ligands. The ligand SBLC and their complexes were found most potent. The inhibition strength of the ligand SBLC was found to be 51%, best among all ligands while for the complexes of SBLC, the inhibition potential were between 51% and 64%. For urease inhibition, the ligands were found almost inactive against the enzyme. Complexes of all ligands showed however excellent inhibition strength. Complexes of copper for all ligands were particularly better inhibitors among all. The [Cu(SBLN)(OAc)] was found to be the best urease inhibitor with 88% inhibition against the enzyme and was much better than standard. On the bases of results obtained and literature reports, some suggestions are also proposed to produce new potential antibiotic drugs in current global scenario of the "post-antibiotic era".
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جہالت ترقی کی دشمن ہے

جہالت ترقی کی دشمن ہے
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معززصدر ومیرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو! آج مجھے جس موضوع پر گفتگو کا موقع فراہم کیا گیا ہے وہ ہے:’’جہالت ترقی کی دشمن ہے ‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
اس کائنات رنگ و بو میں جو رنگینیاں نظر آرہی ہیں، جو رعنائیاں نمونہ دھنک پیش کر رہی ہیں، گلستانِ ہستی میں جو بہار آئی ہوئی ہے، چمنستانِ حیات نے جو اپنا بھرم قائم رکھا ہوا ہے۔ عنادلِ خوش الحان کی جو مترنم صدائیں گونج رہی ہیں، یہ سب کی سب شعور و آگہی کی مرہونِ منت ہیں۔
جنابِ صدر!
علم ایک ایسا نور ہے جو جہالت کی تار یک عباؤں کو تار تار کر دیتا ہے، آفتاب علم و دانش کی نور فشاں کرنیں جب ظلمت کدہ ٔجہالت پر پڑتی ہیں تو وہ بقعۂ نور بن جاتا ہے، عروج و ترقی کے راستے میں موجود رکاوٹیں ختم ہوجاتی ہیں، زندگی حسن و جمال کا مرقعّ بن جاتی ہے۔
محترم صدر!
تاریخ کے اوراق شاہد ہیں کہ جس نے بھی اپنے آپ کوعلم کے زیور سے مرصعّ کیا، اپنے سر پر معرفت وآ گہی کا تاج سجایا، اپنی کشتِ شعور و عقل کی علم و دانش کے ذریعے آبیاری کی ، اپنے قلب و اذہان کو بذریعہ علم و آ گہی طراوت بخشی ، علم و دانش کی خلعتِ فاخرہ زیب تن کی اللہ تعالیٰ نے انہیں عروج و ترقی کی مسند کا صدرنشین بنادیا۔
صدرمحترم!
جہالت واقعی ترقی کی دشمن ہے، ترقی کے مناظر دلکش دیکھنے کے لیے ،عروج کے لازوال نظاروں کی منظر کشی کرنے کے لیے، جہالت کی عینک کو اتارنا ہوگا، لا پرواہی اور غفلت کے حصار سے باہر آنا ہو گا ، تساہل پسندی کی خصلت قبیحہ کو نیست و نابود...

Vivekananda’s Views on Christianity and Islam

Vivekananda was the Hindu revivalist of nineteenth century who preached the message of equality of all religions. In his lectures, he guided people to assimilation of religions and not their destruction. He emphasized on peace and harmony of religions that could only be attained through tolerance. This paper explores his claim of equality of religions from his writings regarding two religions - Christianity and Islam. Critical approach is utilized to identify the fact that either he is equating all religions or he is trying to submerge the non-Hindu religions in his philosophy of neo-Vedanta. Apparently, the tension between these two positions makes his theory of pluralism suspicious. In other words, his popular image of being a pioneer of religious pluralism needs to be reassesses by studying his writings and presentation of the beliefs, rituals, and practices of other religions, as well as, his practical interactions with the followers of different religions during his life. In this connection, it is important to explore how he perceives and depicts the personalities of Jesus Christ and Muhammad.

Capability of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants to Ameliorate the Neuronal Destruction in Animal Model of Parkinson Disease

OBJECTIVE: To study the capability of bioactive compounds to ameliorate the neuronal destruction in animal model of Parkinson disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Rotenone was used to produce the Parkinsonism in mammalian model of rats and the bioactive compounds, chrysin, polydatin and CGA were used to ameliorate the neuronal destruction and the resulting effets of Parkinson in this study. A total of hundred male Sprague Dawley albino rats of weight 200 to 250 gm were divided randomly into five groups with twenty animals in each: control, rotenone+chrysin, rotenone+polydatin and rotenone+chlorogenic acid (CGA) group. Rotenone was dissolved in DMSO and migloyl 812 N at ratio of 2:98 respectively and was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 3 mg/kg, daily for four week to produce the rat model of Parkinson disease. Mortality and weight changes were assessed, various behavioral tests were performed throughout the experiment to assess the neuro behavioral changes. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed, brains were fixed by perfusion method and light microscopic sections were prepared using H & E and cresyl violet method. Immunohistochemical sections were also prepared using anti tyrosine hydroxylase antibody, anti α synuclein antibody, anti ubiquitin antibody, to localize the damaged neurons and amelioration done by bioactive compounds. Anti GFAP antibody was used to localize the Astrocytes immunohistochemically. Dopaminergic neurons, α synuclein and ubiquitin aggregations and astrocytes were analysed for anychanges in their morphology and count in substantia nigra and striatum in Parkinsonism and the ameliorating effects of the bioactive compounds used in this study on them. RESULTS:Rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in animals showed a significant loss of body weight and increase in mortality.Parkinson animals showed deteriorating motor behaviour over the period of experiment. Parkinson animals showed a decrease in dopaminergic neurons in nigrostriatal region. TH immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed decreased immunoreactivity and number of TH positive dopaminergic neurons.Ubiquitin and α-synuclein IHC showed accumulation of α-synuclein & ubiquitin within the neuronal cytoplasm. Astrogliosis with increase in number and amoeboid morphology was also seen. Bioactive compounds not only significantly restored the rotenone-induced weight loss but also the behavioural changes. These compounds also showed protective effects in terms of less degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and diminished immunoreactivity to anti ubiquitin and anti α-synuclein antibodies. These compounds also decreased the activation and number of astrocytes. CONCLUSION:This study concludes that bioactive compounds confer protection in rat model of Parkinson disease. They ameliorated the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons, accumulation of α-synuclein and ubiquitin in the cytoplasm of neurons and activation & morphological alteration of astrocytes.