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Home > The Role of the Ribosome Binding Site Sequence and Spacer Length Between Binding Site and Initiation Codon on Cry2 Expression in Bacillus Host

The Role of the Ribosome Binding Site Sequence and Spacer Length Between Binding Site and Initiation Codon on Cry2 Expression in Bacillus Host

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Rooma Adalat

Program

PhD

Institute

Lahore College for Women University

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Biotechnology

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10793/1/Rooma%20Adalat_Biotech_2018_LCWU_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727596556

Similar


The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces Cry toxins that possess toxic properties and can be used as biopesticides. Cry2Aa and Cry2Ac are among unusual subset of crystalline proteins possessing broad insect species specificity by exhibiting high specific activity against larvae from two insect orders, Lepidoptera and Diptera of agricultural and public health significance. The cry2Ac11 gene is located at third position (orf3) in operon comprising of three genes. It needs accessory proteins for crystal formation and high yield. Translation initiation is key rate-limiting step. It is well-known that stable structure at a ribosome binding site (RBS) impedes initiation. Modification in RBS-spacer region tunes translation initiation rates. Genetic manipulation of cry2Ac11 gene without helper protein was carried out in this study by optimizing ribosomal binding site and spacer region (RBS-ATG) in translation initiation region (TIR). The five different types of mutations were introduced in TIR to unveil inhibitory and excitatory effects on translation. These mutants are: 1), operSalI/RBSD and mut/RBSD in which downstream RBS (GGAGG) 6 bp downstream to native RBS was introduced in TIR of cry2Ac11 operon and gene; 2), mut/RBSF in which four nucleotides (ATGGG) were incorporated after RBS-ATG spacer region; 3), mut/RBSSin which overlapping start and two stop codons were introduced after RBS-ATG spacer region; 4), mut/RBSSP in which RBS-ATG spacerregion waslengthened to 23 nucleotides; 5), mut/RBS2 in which consecutive two ATGs were incorporated in TIR. Secondary structures of mutants, estimated by CLC Main Workbench, revealed that mut/RBS2 RNA exhibits most stable structure in RBS-AUG region. RBS Calculator predicts high translation rate in mut/RBSD and mut/RBS2. Mutants were expressed in B. thuringiensis 4Q7 acrystalliferous strain. The transcriptomics-proteomics profiles of all cry2Ac11 constructs provide a unique opportunity to investigate how faithfully the transcriptional profile is manifested at the protein level. Therefore, in this study correlation between mRNA abundance and protein expression profiles in all Cry2Ac11 recombinant strains were also investigated. The highest transcript profile of B. thuringiensis 4Q7-mut/RBS2, (a mutant in which consecutive multiple AUG were introduced), was obtained by Real time PCR. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE profile of total cellular proteins indicated that overexpression of Cry2Ac11 (65kDa) was obtained in 4Q7-mut/RBS2. It was concluded that overexpression of Cry2Ac11 toxin without helper protein in mut/RBS2 mRNA was most likely due to presence of consecutive start codons (AUGs) in TIR. Presence of RBS in the single stranded part of moderately stable hairpin loop (ΔG = 8.7 kcal/mol) in mut/RBS2 facilitates the interaction of RBS to the complementary 16S rRNA sequences of 30S ribosomal subunit. In proposed model, multiple factors are thought to contribute in translation efficiency of mut/RBS2 (cry2Ac11 mutants without helper protein) which includes stabilizer sequence at 5′ and 3′ ends, the availability of the RBS for binding to the anti-SD of 16S rRNA of 30S ribosomal unit and optimal context of RBS-AUG region provided by multiple AUGs in TIR.
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اشفاق احمد

اشفاق احمدرجحان ساز شخصیت
پیدائش:
معروف دانشور، ادیب، ڈرامہ نگار، تجزیہ نگار، سفر نامہ نگار اور براڈ کاسٹر جناب اشفاق احمد خان بھارت کے شہر ہوشیار پور کے ایک چھوٹے سے گاؤں خان پور میں ڈاکٹر محمد خان کے گھر 22 اگست 1925ء کو بروز پیر پیدا ہوئے۔
تعلیم:
اشفاق احمد کی پیدائش کے بعد اْن کے والد ڈاکٹر محمد خان کا تبادلہ خان پور سے فیروز پور ہو گیا۔ اشفاق احمد نے اپنی تعلیمی زندگی کا آغاز اسی گاؤں فیروز پورسے کیا۔ اور فیروز پور کے ایک قصبہ مکستر سے میٹرک کا امتحان پاس کیا۔اشفاق احمد نے ایف۔ اے کا امتحان بھی اسی قصبہ فیروز پور کے ایک کالج ‘‘رام سکھ داس ’’ سے پاس کیا۔ اس کے علاوہ بی۔اے کا امتحان امتیازی نمبروں کے ساتھ فیروز پور کے ‘‘آر، ایس،ڈی ‘‘RSDکالج سے پاس کپا۔
پاکستان ہجرت:
قیام پاکستان کے بعد اشفاق احمد اپنے خاندان کے ہمراہ فیروز پور (بھارت) سے ہجرت کر کے پاکستان آ گئے۔ پاکستان آنے کے بعد اشفاق احمد نے گورنمنٹ کالج لاہور کے ‘‘شعبہ اردو ’’ میں داخلہ لیا۔یہاں معروف اساتذہ سے علم حاصل کیا۔اْس زمانے میں بانو قدسیہ نے بھی ایم۔ اے اردو میں داخلہ لیا۔ یہ وہ دور تھا جب اورینٹل کالج پنجاب یونیورسٹی میں اردو کی کلاسیں ابھی شروع نہیں ہوئی تھیں۔
شادی:
جن دنوں اشفاق احمد گورنمنٹ کالج لاہور میں ایم۔ اے اردو کے طالب علم تھے۔ بانو قدسیہ ان کی ہم جماعت تھی۔ ذہنی ہم آہنگی دونوں کو اس قدر قریب لے آئی کہ دونوں نے شادی کا فیصلہ کیا۔ان کے والد ایک غیر پٹھان لڑکی کو بہو بنانے کے حق میں نہ تھے۔جس کی وجہ سے شادی کے بعد ان کو مجبوراً اپنا گھر چھوڑنا پڑا۔
تصانیف:
اشفاق احمد کی تصانیف میں افسانے، ناول، ٹی وی ڈرامے، ریڈیائی ڈرامے، فیچر اور سفر نامے شامل...

التّناص الدّيني والأدبي في شعر ابن اللّبانة الدّاني (ت 507 هـ) القرآن الكريم والشّعر القديم أنموذجان

The focus of this research is on addressing the theme of intertextuality in the Andalusian poetry of Ibn al-Labbanah al-Dani, and on addressing its manifestations and how the poet benefited from the Quranic verses. In view of what the Holy Qur'an offers to the creator of the broad linguistic potential, as well as the ancient Arab poetic heritage, rich in high poetic images and meanings in both the expressive and aesthetic aspects. The research concludes that our poet was always acquainted with the miraculous Qur’anic text, and with constant contact with previous poetic texts.

Evaluation of Synthetc Derived Wheat Lines for Heat Stress Using Physiological and Agronomic Traits

Wheat production is decreasing continuously due to heat stress in the developing countries especially Pakistan. Every 1 ?C rise in temperature is resulting in 10% reduction in the yield of wheat worldwide. Therefore in order to overcome shortage of food in the near future better analysis of the wheat crops as well as improved research mechanisms are needed to enhance heat resistance in the existing wheat varieties. Present study was conducted to assess heat tolerance variation among thirty synthetic-derived wheat lines in order to identify new sources of diversity that could accelerate the development of improved wheat genotypes better suited to meet the challenges posed by changing climate in Pakistan. Plants were grown in plastic pots and heat stress was applied after post anthesis stage to determine the effect of heat stress on various morphological, agronomic and physiological traits. Heat stress significantly affected leaf area (LA), plant height (PH), number of fertile tillers (FT), Spike length (SL), Spikelet/spike (Sp/S), No. of seeds/Spike (NOS/S), 1000 seed weight (TSW), chlorophyll a and bcontent of leaves, membrane stability index (MSI) and also affected levels of proline. Statistical analysis of all the traits showed significant reduction in the particular trait as compared to their control data sets. Higher percentage reduction under heat stress reduced yields in (SDL1, 31.00), (SDL6, 32.00), (SDL29, 30.00) while minimum reduction under heat stress and maximum yield was observed for (SDL4, 45.00), (SDL5, 48), (SDL9, 44), (SDL12, 45.00), (SDL15, 49.00), (SDL19, 51.00), (SDL22, 45.00), (SDL23, 45.00) and (SDL27, 46.00) respectively. Reduction in physiological traits was recorded as 24.46% reduction in chlorophyll a (Chl-a), 28.19% chlorophyll b (Chl-b), 29.17% proline (Pro) content of leaf, 16.36% membrane stability index (MSI). In the same way in morphological trait a relative decrease in plant height (PH) 12%, days to physiological maturity (DM) 7.59%, fertile tillers (F/T) 21.43%, leaf area (LA) 25.58%, , spike length (SL) 25%, number of seeds per spike (NOS/S) 15.38%,and 1000 seed weight (TSW) 19.23%was observed. As a result it was observed that relative decrease in the yield contents in (SDL4), (SDL5), (SDL9), (SDL12), (SDL15), (SDL19), (SDL22), (SDL23) and (SDL27) was lesser as compared to all other genotypes so they can be considered as heat tolerant genotypes with potential to enrich genetic background of local wheat cultivars and can be used in breeding programs for the improvement of wheat production and can overcome food shortage in future.