Voices Unheard: Analyzing Marginalization and Resistance in Rabbani's 'Invisible People' through a Spivakian Lens

This scholarly research offers a comprehensive analysis of Rabbani's seminal work, 'Invisible People,' through the theoretical lens of Gayatri Chakraborty Spivak's postcolonial feminist perspective. The study investigates the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized populations in contemporary society, aiming to elucidate effective strategies for resistance against marginalization. Key focal points include Spivak's subaltern concept and the imperative of amplifying marginalized voices. The analysis critically examines Rabbani's portrayal of 'invisible people' (2017) as individuals bereft of agency and influence due to their marginalized status, exploring multiple forms of exclusion encompassing economic, social, and political dimensions. Moreover, the research delves into Rabbani's nuanced treatment of identity construction and the intricate intersections of marginalization. Applying Spivak's theory of strategic essentialism, the study scrutinizes how these individuals navigate their identities and mobilize collective resistance. Additionally, the research evaluates notions of agency and empowerment within Rabbani's narrative, investigating methodologies employed by marginalized groups to challenge entrenched power dynamics. Through Spivak's concept of "subaltern counter publics," the study examines the significance of grassroots movements, community organizing, and the establishment of alternative platforms for collective action. Ethical considerations within Spivak and Rabbani's frameworks are also addressed, highlighting the complexities and ethical responsibilities associated with representing marginalized populations. This research underscores the importance of reflexive researcher positionality when engaging with these narratives. Overall, this study provides a nuanced and insightful analysis of Rabbani's 'Invisible People' from a Spivakian perspective, contributing to the ongoing discourse on resistance, marginality, and social justice within this theoretical framework.

Fog Framework for Mobile Devices With Minimal Latency

Latency is rapidly becoming critical in cloud computing. Latest services and applications in various vertical markets requir low latency. Today every type of business networking channels is running with blazing fast speed which requires ultra-low latency within minimum time scale. The industries which are achieving the lowest latency are surviving while other slow competitors fall behind. Users are demanding real-life applications with low latency which helps them to obtain their desire services within a very limited time in their range. Networking communication relies on critical tasks such as Storage, communication, control management, and configuration, etc. to accommodate the effective communication. Cloud system with its prerequisites is developing rapidly. Cloud is a leading enabler for various communications tasks. In a congested network, the cloud is creating unbearable and unstable high latency for computerized gadgets which demand high bandwidth. This is an alarming situation for the performance of smart applications and mobile devices in a network. The flexibility of providing applications anywhere in dense network is the beauty of cloud, but this flexibility comes at the price of unstable, unpredictable high latencies which are horrific in this ultra-fast time-period. Fog brings distributed resources near to different users to support fast streaming with reducing latency. Currently, mobile devices are gaining popularity due to their mobility.Technology enhancement from cloud to fog is a computation of distributing resources at the edge where fog bring it near to different mobile users to support fast streaming with reducinglatency. Fog networks are not very dense with distantly located servers, to provide services at the edge very speedily with low latency. Fog with emerging technology is best to keep a table latency for mobile communication. Currently, heavy data is delivering and retrieving from various geographically scattered users. So, theconceptual framework of fog to minimize the latency of mobile devices is proposed. This framework of fog is willing to sponsor mobile devices with their smart applications at the edge with low latency. So, it can provide data in minimal time to analyze and respond . to validate the performance of fog conceptual framework, algorithms are also presented. To check the performance of fog framework iFogSim (simulator) is also used. Fog is willing to keep the minimum stable by cut down the traffic burden for mobile users by providing services and resources near the user.