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Validation of Marketed Medicinal Plants of District Lahore, Based on Classical and Molecular Markers

Thesis Info

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Author

Ramzan, Sehrish

Program

PhD

Institute

Lahore College for Women University

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Medical

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10565/1/Sehrish%20ramzan%20botany%20LcWU%20Lahore%20thesis%20year%202018.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727654916

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Concept of plant based medicines is gaining popularity day by day that is why their utilization has also been increased. But in medicinal plants utilization basic issue lies with their quality assurance. Some medicinal plants morphologically resemble with each other and during their field collection these plants are usually misidentified and replaced with the original plant species. This adulteration problem can affect the drug utilizer at local, national as well as at global level. Use of adulterer plant for curing specific ailment can result in horrible form. Hence current study was aimed to establish some authentication tools for identification of original medicinal plant species. These tools had provided basis for characterization and validation of marketed medicinal plants and recommended to minimize the issue of quality assurance of herbal drugs. For this study some selected medicinal plants (Cinnamomum verum, Cinnamomum tamala, Gymnema sylvestre, Sphaeranthus indicus, Artemesia maritima, Averrhoa carambola, Achillea millefolium and Morus nigra) were collected from local herbal markets of Lahore, along their original plant species collected from the fields. In this regard, standardization and authentication of selected drugs was achieved by combination of taxonomic parameters (morphology, anatomy, palynology and solubility analysis) and advance genomic markers (DNA barcoding). Results reported some significant morphological, anatomical and palynological markers for identification of studied medicinal plants. For example anatomical studies of Cinnamomum verum and Canella winterana showed stomatal variation i.e. anomocyticin C. verum and paracytic in C. winterana. Moreover Sphaeranthus indicus was clearly distinct from Sphaeranthus africanuson the basis of size of epidermal cells as 52.6 µm in S. indicus and 61.8 µm in S. africanus. Similarly palynological results revealed circular to spheroidal shape of pollen in Achillea millifolium while oblate shape was observed in Adhatoda vasaka. Furthermore colpi length of Artemisia maritima was 11.8 µm while 4.5 µm in Artemisia absinthium. The authenticity of herbal samples was also confirmed by DNA barcoding technique in which four primers i.e., matK, nrITS, rbcL and psbA-trnH were successfully used. It had been observed that most successful primer was rbcL followed by nrITS and matK primer whereas psbA-trnH produced least number of amplification.Overall results can be concluded as maximum adulteration was observed in all marketed samples of Cinnamomum verum, Cinnamomum tamala Artemisia maritima and Butea monosperma. However less adulteration was found in samples of Gymnema sylvestre followed by Sphaeranrhus indicus, Morus nigraand Achillea millefolium.
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اہلیہ ، مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی

اہلیہ، مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی
ایک افسوس ناک خبر
نہایت افسوس کے ساتھ اطلاع دی جاتی ہے کہ ۲۷/ مارچ ۱۹۸۵ء کی صبح سات بجے حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کی اہلیہ کا انتقال ہوگیا۔ تدفین قبرستان مہندیان میں ہزارہا افراد کے درمیان عمل میں آئی۔
حضرت مفتی صاحب کی اہلیہ کی رحلت سے خاندان عثمانی کو زبردست جھٹکا لگا ہے۔ براہِ کرم زیادہ سے زیادہ ایصال ثواب کریں۔ مرحومہ اہلیہ مفتی صاحب بڑی خوبیوں اور بے پناہ صلاحیتوں کی مالک تھیں۔ ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین کے بہت سے علمی، دینی اور مذہبی و تجارتی معاملات میں حصہ لیتیں اور اپنے مشوروں سے ادارے کو کمک پہنچاتی تھیں جس سے استفادہ حاصل ہوتا اور حضرت مفتی صاحب ان کے اس عمل سے بے حد متاثر ہوتے۔ اگر آپ حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن کی اہلیہ کے ابتدائی حالاتِ زندگی پر روشنی ڈالتے ہیں تو وہ جن حالات سے دوچار ہوتی رہیں کس طرح انھوں نے اس کو حسن و خوبی سے نبھایاوہ ہر لحاظ سے بے مثال ہے۔
حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن صاحب کے دل میں ان کی خوبیوں کی قدرو منزلت دن دوگنی رات چوگنی برابر مزید بڑھتی چلی گئی اور اہلیہ کی اتنی طویل علالت سے ان کا دل بے حد متاثر ہوتا تھا۔ میری والدہ ماجدہ کی جدائی میرے لیے بہت بڑا سانحہ ہے۔ [عمید الرحمن عثمانی، اپریل ۱۹۸۵ء]
___________________
مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کی اہلیہ کاانتقال
افسوس ہے کہ ۲۷؍ مارچ کوحضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی ؒ کی اہلیہ محترمہ راقم الحروف کی خالہ اماں__ہم سب کو داغِ مفارقت دے گئیں اس طرح ایک ہی خاندان کے تین افراد دس ماہ کے اندر اندر اس دُنیا سے رخصت ہوکررفیق اعلیٰ سے جاملے۔ سب سے پہلے گذشتہ سا ل۱۰؍ مئی کواحقر کی والدۂ محترمہ کے سایہ عاطفت سے ہم محروم ہوئے اس کے...

The Creation of Universe in the Light of Quran

The Quran describes itself as a book of guidance. Sura l-Baqarah, verse (67) states:   قَالَ أعُوْذُ بِاللّٰہِ اأنْ أَکُوْنَ مِنَ الْجَھِلِیْنَ۔He said, "I seek refuge in Allah from being among the ignorant. "The Qur'an does not render a coordinated description of the universe Creation and how it will end. In lieu of a continuous story of creation and cease, there are verses dispersed all over the Quran which deal with certain aspects of the universe’s Creation and end. These scattered verses provide information on the sequential events marking its development with varying degrees of detail. The primary objective of this paper is to analyze the Quranic Concept of Universe. The idea of steady state by Hermann Bondi, Thomas Gold, and Fred Hoyle (1948) suggests that this universe is created with big bang, it is expanding and it would be the same, always static, always contracting or always expanding with no end. This is in contrast with the pulsating theory of the accelerating expansion will result in weak gravity which will cause the universe to contract. When this contraction will condense everything back into one single point, this rapid compression will lead to another explosion (often referred to as mini big bang). As a result of which the universe will start expanding again. Hence it results in a pulsating universe in which there is alternate expansion and contraction of universe.  

Investigation of Differences in Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Contrasting Bread Wheat Genotypes

The genotypic differences regarding Na + accumulation and transport in plant along with physiological response to improve salt tolerance were studied in bread wheat genotypes. Four wheat genotypes; Kharchia-65, SARC-3, S-9476 and S-8189 were grown under salt stress (75 and 150 mM NaCl) in nutrient solution with five replications. Shoot dry weight, relative growth rate (RGR), chlorophyll index, leaf water relations, Na + content and transport in plant were measured. The increase in NaCl stress decreased all growth parameters, however, variations were observed among genotypes. Kharchia-65, S-9476 and SARC-3 had better growth and water relations compared to salt sensitive genotypes S-8189. The low rate of Na + transport and better ability to restrict Na + in the root was main reason of genetic variation among different genotypes, especially, when growth characteristic did not vary significantly under salt stress. Na + partition was also recorded in wheat genotypes as salt sensitive genotypes had higher Na + accumulation in shoot while it was reverse in tolerant ones. The differences in root Na + were not significant among all genotypes. In many crop plants, over-accumulation of Na + in shoot is the main cause of yield reduction due to toxicity. In this study, wheat genotypes differed mainly because of low rates of Na + uptake and transport from root to shoot. Therefore, in this study, it was concluded that wheat genotypes with contrasting leaf Na + uptake rates and transport from root to shoot had resulted in differences in salinity tolerance. The wheat genotypes having ability to reduce Na + accumulation in shoot by retaining it at root level had better salt tolerance. The genotypes with the highest Na + uptake had lower chlorophyll, more electrolyte leakage, and a slightly lower RGR. Keywords: Genotypes, ion partition, salinity stress, sodium, wheat