گدڑ دی چالاکی
اک دفعہ دا ذکر اے کہ کسے پنڈ وچ اک خرگوش تے اک گدڑ رہندے سن۔ دونویں آپس وچ گہرے دوست سن تے اک دوجے اتے اعتبار کر دے سن۔ گدڑ بہت چالاک تے دھوکہ باز سی۔ اوہ اپنا کم کڈھ کے دوڑ جاندا سی۔ خرگوش بھلا مانس سی، اوہ گدڑ دی چالاکی دے باوجود اوس نال پیار کردا تے کوشش کردا کہ ہر چیز ونڈ کے کھاہدی جاوے۔
خرگوش نے بڑی محنت نال سرنگ پُٹی جو اک بیکری دے اندر جا کے ختم ہو ندی سی۔ خرگوش روز سرنگ راہیں بیکری دے اندر جاندا تے ڈھڈ بھر چیزاں کھا کے واپس آ جاندا۔ خرگوش نوں انج کردیاں کئی دن لنگھ گئے۔ اک دن گدڑ نوں شک پے گیا کہ خرگوش اکلا اکلا کوئی شے کھاندا اے تے خرگوش نے ساری گل دس دتی۔ ایہہ سن کے اوہدے منہ وچ پانی آ گیا تے اوس آکھیا کہ اج مینوں وی نال لے کے جاویں۔ خرگوش تے گدڑ سرنگ راہیں بیکری دے اندر گئے تے ون سونیاں چیزاں ڈھڈ بھر کے کھاہدیاں۔ جدوں گدڑ دا ڈھڈ بھر گیا تاں اوس نے چیکاں مارنیاں شروع کر دتیاں۔ چیکاں سن کے بیکری دا مالک آ گیا۔ خرگوش ڈر دے مارے سرنگ وچ وڑ کے دوڑ جاندا اے تے گدڑ مالک دے قابو آ جاندا اے۔ مالک نے گدڑ نوں رسیاں نال بنھ بہت ماریا۔ اوس نے گدڑ نوں کھاون لئی سکیاں روٹی دتیاں، مالک روز ای گدڑ نوں کٹ دا سی۔
اک دن مالک نوں کجھ دناں لئی اک کم واسطے شہر جانا پیا۔ جاون لگیاں اوس اپنی گھر والی نوں دسیا کہ گدڑ نوں رسیاں نال بنھ کے روز کٹنا ایں تے کھاون نوں سکیاں روٹیاں دیناں نیں۔ مالک ایناں آکھ کے شہر چلا جاندا اے تے...
Pak-China relations have been exemplary in the contemporary international politics. Both States have been maintaining strong ties in terms of diplomatic and military cooperation. However, the close economic cooperation has added a new dimension in the Pak-China all weather partnership. Over the years, China and Pakistan strategic cooperation has evolved at unprecedented level. In the year 2013, the Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the construction of One Belt One Road (OBOR) that aims to connect China with West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia and Middle East. It is a bitter fact that, since 9/11 Pakistan has suffered in socio-political and especially in economic dimension. The regional security environment and rise of extremism and terrorism has resulted into the hampering economic development. Therefore, the CPEC project will prove to be game changer and when completed it will have deep impact on economic development of Pakistan in future. The CPEC provides an opportunity for Pakistan to stabilize its society and reshape its positive image at international level from fragile State to emerging economy in the South Asian region. The rise of China in economic sphere has been jealously seen by other developed countries while for Pakistan it has been a blessing factor. Thus, Pak- China strategic partnership entered into the new phase of economic cooperation that will certainly change the dynamics of the regional politics. This paper aims to discuss the multiple dimensions of CPEC its importance for Pakistan and China along with its internal and external challenges. Moreover, economic and security perspectives will be focused in detail. To fully understand the role of CPEC as driving force of economic prosperity, this paper discusses its potential as a game changer for both China and Pakistan. ___________
Mendelian disorders, also called monogenic disorders, arise due to mutations in a single gene, with minimum influence from the environment. The studies of these mutations have been providing important insights into functional characterization of the genome. Therefore, this knowledge is instrumental for making essential decisions and therapeutic interventions. Although, these diseases are very rare world-wide, they are observed more frequently in populations with cousin marriages. Pakistani population has high rates of consanguinity i.e. >76%, in which 80% couples are first cousins. Thus, this consanguineous population together with large and extended pedigree size provides a rich source for genetic/molecular studies of such inherited disorders. In this study, six families, segregating different Mendelian disorder each, were investigated using different approaches and techniques. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) __ a neurodevelopmental disorder __ is characterized by congenital reduction in head circumference by >3SD from gender and age appropriate mean and some degree of intellectual disability. To date, twenty four causative genes have been reported for MCPH. In this study, the genetic analysis of three Pakistani families through homozygosity mapping and next generation sequencing revealed one known and one novel mutations in already known MCPH genes. Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder of childhood, which is characterized by progressive visual impairment proceeding to blindness, seizures, cognitive decline and early death usually in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life. Here, one family diagnosed with JNCL was investigated through gene panel (Epiddasd545) sequencing that revealed a novel mutation. This was the first JNCL report from Pakistani population. Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive distal muscle atrophy and weakness, foot deformity, sensory loss at distal regions and decreased or absent reflexes. It is a genetically heterogeneous; at least 46 different causative-genes have been reported for CMT so far. In this study, one CMT family was investigated through whole exome sequencing that revealed a novel causative mutation. The fourth disorder, Infantile ascending hereditary spastic paraplegia (IAHSP), is a progressive motor neuron disease characterized by spastic paraplegia of lower limbs in the first 2 years, anarthria, dysphagia and tetraplegia during 1st decade, feed difficulties, wheel-chair dependency and severe tetraparesis manifestations in the 2nd decade of life. Herein, one IAHSP family was investigated through next generation sequencing, the genetic analysis of which revealed a novel mutation. The findings in this study from the investigated Pakistani families expand the mutation spectra, as well as, highlight the diversity of these phenotypes through detailed clinical characterization. This knowledge will provide better understanding to related disease mechanisms and insights for development of therapeutic and preventive interventions.