ہیں تمھارے یہ سارے خواب، جناب
زلف و لب، دل، جگر، شراب، جناب
ایک ہی جان پر ستم لاکھوں
پلکیں نازک، گراں حباب، جناب
قیس کے پائوں میں ہیں زنجیریں
اور لب پر ہے بس جناب، جناب
ہو گا محشر میں اک نیا محشر
تم سے مانگیں گے جب جواب، جناب
دیکھ لو اب فضا کی آنکھوں میں
چاند، قوسِ قزح، گلاب، جناب
With the current international competition among global companies, Business English as a Lingua Franca (BEFL) has become a necessity. As for one, Boardwalk Direct Selling Company recognizes the adoption of the BEFL concept within the organization to equip its workforce with adequate English language skills at par with global standards. This study aims to assess the organization’s current English proficiency and the readiness of its employees to embrace BEFL. This also presents the major English language skills areas that need improvement through training intervention. A stratified sampling method is utilized to extract data via an online survey. Respondents are strategically chosen to represent different strata such as organizational departments or groups, job levels, tenure, and age. A convenient size of 34 respondents participated in this study. Generally, respondents acknowledge the importance of the English language skill set in their job functions and as criteria for their career growth. Half of the sampling population affirms their English language proficiency. However, the study reveals that Boardwalk employees are willing to subject themselves to improving their English skills, most particularly in speaking and writing aspects. Given their willingness, the employees recommend that the company strengthen its BEFL trainings across the organization. Moreover, with the current setup of mostly working from home due to COVID restrictions, majority of the employees prefer online learning.
This study examines tax evasion problem which erodes revenue generation for the Tax authorities and Governments in the context of Asia and Latin America. The objective of this research is to explore major determinants which influence tax evasion through cross regional comparison of Asian and Latin American regions. This research provides a framework to understand the impact of socio-economic, behavioral, institutional and political factors towards the decision of evading taxes. The study has conducted an empirical investigation of twelve Asian and eight Latin American countries further divided into regions as South Asia, East Asia and South-East Asia and Central America and South America respectively, through OLS panel regression analysis and Fixed Effect (FE) approach using dataset from 1988 to 2017 derived from WEF Annual Reports. The measures that may help tax authorities to discourage tax evasion have also been highlighted in the last part of this thesis. The study concludes that the variables of Age, corruption, low Income level, Ease of doing Business, are positively associated for all the regions with varying magnitude with the dependent variable whereas, Gender, Services income, self-employment, High income level, Marginal Tax Rate, HDI, Public Trust in Politician and Rule of law are negatively associated for different regions impact factor variations are there. However, self-assessment, agriculture income, technological readiness and accountability show mixed results both insignificant and significant for different regions. It is concluded in this study that economic and institutional factor are more strong determinants of tax evasion in comparison with the demographic factors.