Author name disambiguation is a challenging research area in the field of biblio metric analysis, scientometrics, and informetrics. Author name ambiguity may occur in two ways, when multiple authors share a common name, or an author’s multiple name variations appear in the bibliographic databases, such as DBLP, ACM, and Google Scholar. In both these scenarios, it is difficult to be certain about the accuracy of the retrieved results. Proper identification of one’s work from other’s is necessary due to many reasons, for example, in author ranking sites such as the Arnetminer, presence of author’s name ambiguity in citations leads to wrong metrics such as h-index, g-index, and i-index. Author name am biguity is one of the main errors for the wrong analysis in these bibliographic databases. To improve the accuracy of aforementioned metrics, it is necessary to disambiguate these ambiguous authors. Similarly, these bibliographic databases provide content as an input to visual bibliographic information retrieval systems that are currently used for expert (supervisor) finding, specific literature searching, selecting reviewers, and detecting a potential conflict of interests. Existing author name disambiguation techniques require a representative labeled data set for the training of the model, or require a number of ambiguous authors known a priori, or require extra information from the Web, or need user feed back, and are less scalable due to the requirement of training thousands of models for each ambiguous author. In this dissertation, a complete author name dis ambiguation framework called “GRAND” is presented that consists of four main algorithms, one each for the resolution of homonyms, synonyms, sole authors, and incremental author’s name ambiguity. The first algorithm is DISC that exploits graph semantics, similarity measures, and community detection algorithms to disambiguate homonyms. The citation data set is preprocessed and ambiguous author blocks are created. DISC utilizes only two citation attributes–co-authors and titles, which are implicit bibliographic information in all bibliographic databases. The co-author’s graph of the citation data set is constructed and “GSkeletonClu: A graph Structural Clustering Algo rithm for networks” is used to identify hub vertices, outliers, and clusters of nodes in the co-author’s graph. Homonyms are resolved by splitting these clusters of nodes across the hub nodes if the similarity between their title feature vectors is less than a threshold. The second algorithm is SISTER that uses graph-based se mantic similarity measure “SynGeo”. It preprocesses and constructs co-author’s graph of the citation’s data set. Synonyms are resolved by exploiting SynGeo, which is based on syntactic similarity and graph geodesics between compared nodes. The third algorithm is GCLUSIM, which detects and disambiguates sole authors. In GCLUSIM, sole author’s and disambiguated author’s title feature vectors are constructed to find the similarity between them. On the basis of this similarity, a sole author may be merged with the disambiguated clusters. As our final contribution, the fourth algorithm is CAND that exploits author name in dices, author profiles, and a comparison function to solve the incremental author’s name ambiguity. Author name indices enhance the overall system performance and author profile models help in disambiguation of the incremental insertions. The comparison function utilizes the most strong bibliometric features–co-author, titles, and self-citations. The proposed algorithms are effective than state of the art methods in terms of clustering metrics. Furthermore, we believe that our pro posed algorithms in this dissertation can serve a baseline for future author name disambiguation studies.
جابر علی سید(۱۹۲۳ء۔۱۹۸۵ء) سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے۔ ۱۹۴۲ء میں ادیب فاضل کیا اور بنگلور چلے گئے۔ جہاں اپنے بھائی تراب علی کے ساتھ انگریزوں کو اردوپڑھاتے رہے۔ عالمی جنگ ختم ہونے کے بعد سیالکوٹ چلے آئے۔۱۹۴۷ء میں اورینٹل کالج سے فارسی میں ایم۔اے کیا۔ اس کالج میں آپ نے ڈاکٹر سید عبداﷲ اور صوفی تبسم جیسے اساتذہ سے کسبِ فیض کیا۔ ۱۹۵۳ء میں گورنمنٹ کالج جھنگ میں فارسی کے لیکچرار مقرر ہوئے۔(۸۲۵)
جابر علی سید ایک اچھے شاعر، ادیب، نقاد ،محقق ،ماہر لسانیات و عروض اور مشفق متواضع اُستاد تھے۔ جابر علی سید کی وفات کے بعد حمید اختر فائق نے ان کے شعری مجموعے کو ’’موجِ آہنگ ‘‘کے نام سے ۱۹۹۹ء میں مرتب کر کے شائع کیا۔
جابر علی سید کے دور کے شعرا صنفِ نظم میں شاعری کر رہے تھے۔ آزاد شاعری کے لیے نئے نئے تجربات کیے جارہے تھے۔ جابر نے بھی نظم میں خیالات و افکار کو ڈھالنا شروع کر دیا تھا۔ نظم کے ساتھ آپ نے غزل کو بھی اپنایا۔ آپ غزل کی فطری دلکشی ،اس کی اہمیت و افادیت سے پوری طرح واقف تھے۔اس لیے آپ نے غزل گوئی کو ذریعہ اظہار بنایا۔ ان کی پہلی غزل ادبی دنیا میں شائع ہوئی۔(۸۲۶)آپ نے اردو غزل میں ہیئت اور بحر کے نئے نئے تجربے کیے۔ اس لیے کہ آپ علم عروض سے دلچسپی رکھتے تھے۔ آپ نے اردو میں بعض بحروں کو روشناس کروایا۔ آپ نے اپنی غزلوں میں نئے الفاظ، نئے محاورے اور نئی ترکیبیں استعمال کیں۔ اُن کی غزلوں میں اُن کی شخصیت کی بہت سی داخلی کیفیات اور ان کے شعور و لا شعور میں اٹھنے والے ہنگاموں اور طوفانوں کا ذکرملتا ہے۔انھوں نے اپنی شاعری میں زبان کی صفائی ،شائستگی اور عمدگی پر پوری توجہ دی۔ جب وہ مروجہ لفظوں کے ساتھ ساتھ نئی تراکیب اور...
This research is a quantitative approach with the aim at knowing: (1). The relationship between self-efficacy and the role of the teacher by learning based on self-regulation. (2). The contribution given by self-efficacy and the role of teachers in self-regulation based learning. (3). Levels of self-efficacy and the role of teachers in learning based on self-regulation. The subject of this study was acceleration in one of the Public High Schools in Surakarta as many as 115 people. This study is a principled study on population studies. Based on the results and analysis using multiple regression it is known that the correlation coefficient R = 0.375 (p = 0.000: p <0.05), which means that there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and the role of teachers with self-regulation. The total contribution given by the two independent variables in this study amounted to 14.1%, and for both categorizations the independent variables namely self-efficacy and the role of the teacher were at a high level, and the dependent variable of learning based on self-regulation was at a very high level. Key word: Self-Regulated Learning, Self-Efficacy, The Role of Teachers
Motor neuron disease (MND) is a neurodegenerative condition affecting the brain and spinal cord. It is characterized by the degeneration of primarily motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness. Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is the most common of the MNDs, combinations of both upper and lower motor neuron signs, including spasticity, hyperreflexia, and extensive plantar signs (upper motor neuron signs); and progressive muscular weakness, fasciculation, and atrophy (lower motor neuron signs), leading to fatal paralysis. It is estimated that Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis occurring 1.7 ~ 2.3 out of 100,000 person in worldwide. Without a cure for the condition, care focusses mainly on the maintenance of a patient’s functional abilities, allowing them to live as full a life as possible. Motor neurons control important muscle activity, such as gripping walking speaking swallowing breathing. During this study, linkage/mutational analysis and comparative genomic study was performed of motor neuron disease between humans and horses of Pakistani origin. Linkage analysis was performed for locus/gene SOD1, ALS2 and SMN1/2 in human patients while direct DNA sequencing was performed for horse gene SOD1 and ALS2. All the three genes (SOD1, ALS2 and SMN1/2) are highly involved for causing motor neuron disease in human and the ultimate objective of the study was to identify those genetic variants/mutations responsible for motor neuron disease in humans and horses. During this study, a total of 10 human families and 10 affected horses with motor neuron disease were identified from different areas of Pakistan and 5 ml blood samples were collected from affected and normal individuals for DNA extraction and estimation. In case of human pedigrees, linkage analysis was performed with the help of three STR markers to find out whether a family was linked to candidate region of the loci (SOD1, ALS2 and SMN1/2) and if a family was found to be linked with a locus/gene, subsequently the causative gene responsible for phenotype was sequenced. As a result of linkage analysis, two families (MND01, MND10) were found to be linked with human ALS2 locus/gene which was ultimately sequenced and two novel mutations (p.Ser65Ala; p.1000del) were identified in the said families (Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2016;17(3-4):260-265). In case of affected horses, gene SOD1 and gene ALS2 were sequenced by using DNA of affected horses. No sequence variant was found in case of gene SOD1 in any of the affected horse while one synonymous (c.1230G>A) and two missense sequence variants (c.247G>A, c.914T>G) were identified in horse gene ALS2 (in press; Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences). Although linkage analysis study was performed for locus/gene SMN responsible for motor neuron disease in human, no family was found to be lined with locus SMN. In addition, a comparative genomic analysis was performed between human and horse gene SOD1 as well as gene ALS2 to study the nucleotide similarity and protein sequence similarity. Current study has resulted in identification of two novel mutations in human gene ALS2 (Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2016;17(3-4):260-265) and two missense substitutions in horse gene ALS2 (in press; JAPS).)