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Learning Technology for Disabled

Thesis Info

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Author

Shoaib, Lozina

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Sciences & Technology

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9833/1/Lozina%20Shoaib_IT_NUST_Main%20part.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727783413

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The hearing impairment is a disability that causes a huge communication gap between hearing impaired handicaps and non-hearing impaired people. A number of daily life complications are faced by profound hearing impaired (PHI) individuals due to their communication inability, for example an adverse event. An adverse event is a maltreatment of a patient caused by deceptive communication by the patient or the misunderstanding by a health practitioner. Its reason is mainly attributed to the inability of health practitioners to understand and express themselves in sign language (SL). Moreover, sign language is not uniform because it mostly includes informal or natural signs that vary from region to region, which makes it difficult to be understandable globally. Cochlear implantation is another solution to facilitate profound hearing impaired to resolve their communication inability. However this solution is very expensive and is not affordable by low socio-economic society. Lip-reading from a speaker’s (i.e., speech therapist) face is another traditional method of teaching spoken language to the hearing impaired. However, the dedication required from a speaker, makes this job burdensome. Pronouncing the same word repeatedly makes the teaching problematic, if not impossible. Subsequently, a child loses engagement and interest in the learning process. Hiring a speech therapist is also a financial overhead associated with the traditional lip-reading method. The objective of the present research is to address the identified problem and the research gap found using systematic literature review (SLR) of the domain, and hence, to facilitate hearing impaired handicaps from low socio-economic society to mitigate their communication gap through lip reading using the proposed software application (learning technology). The proposed interactive software application (LOSINA - Learning Application without Sign Language for Profound Hearing Impaired Children) was developed for iii Preamble Abstract articulating English words following lip-reading method. The LOSINA presents the words in an interactive manner by selecting words containing vowels at different positions, i.e., vowels at initial, middle and final position of the words. The application demonstrates lips and mouth movements to show pronunciations of the words against a selected word. These words involve multiple tongue placements and lip movements. The proposed application implements the constructive pedagogy by enabling a student progress from single tongue placement and lip movement to multiple movements for a word pronunciation. Finally the proposed software application was evaluated for its effectiveness and usability. A preexperimental one-shot study design was used for the effectiveness evaluation involving twenty male and female profound hearing impaired children (i.e., stone deaf). Evaluation was performed by three evaluators: sign language teacher, speech therapist and family members of the individual being experimented. The assessment parameters were designed with the help and consensus of the sign-language teacher and speech therapist to assess the articulation of words by a child and his/her behavior. The articulation of words by the profound hearing impaired children after experimentation is usually comprehensible for an inexperienced or a common listener. Results of the Wilcoxon signed ranked test have shown significant improvement in word articulation by the profound hearing impaired children. The resulted effect size from Wilcoxon signed ranked test has shown a large effect size (0.80) on children’s word articulation through the use of Losina application. The improvement in natural voice quality, fluency and clear audibility of the tested words using LOSINA within short time span and with no formal intervention, can therefore be attributed to a contribution of the present research. Articulation of phrases, sentences, emphasis and emotions in conversation shall be considered as future work of the present research.
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احسان اﷲ ثاقب

احسان اﷲ ثاقب(۱۹۴۲ء۔۲۰۱۴ء) پسرور میں پیدا ہوئے۔ آپ معروف رومانوی شاعری فاخر ہریانوی کے بیٹے ہیں- اعلی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے بعد محکمہ تعلیم میں ملازمت اختیار کی۔ (۹۸۲)آپ کا ایک شعری مجموعہ ’’شہرِ غزل‘‘ کے نام سے معراج پر نٹرز لاہورسے ۲۰۰۶ء میں شائع ہوا۔ اس کے علاوہ کچھ شعری مسودات ہیں جو شائع نہیں ہو سکے۔ احسان اﷲ ثاقب غزل گو شاعر ہیں۔ ان کا اردو ادب میں بڑا کارنامہ یہ ہے کہ انھوں نے اپنے شعری مجموعے ’’شہرِ غزل‘‘ میں بیس بحور کے چھیاسی اوزان میں بڑی خوبصورتی سے طبع آزمائی کی ہے۔ آج ارد وشاعری میں کوئی قدآور شاعر بھی اتنی تعداد میں بحور اور اوزان میں شعر نہیں کہہ سکا ہے۔ انھوں نے ایک نئی بحر کا بھی اضافہ کیا ہے۔ جسے انھوں نے ’’بحرِ مترنم‘‘ کانام دیا ہے۔ یہ بحر تمام عروضی تقاضوں کو پورا کرتی ہے۔

حوصلہ مندی ،بلند فکری ،اخلاقیات، پیارو محبت،سماجی شعور اور توحید احسان اﷲ ـثاقب کی شاعری کے اہم موضوعات ہیں۔ اس حوالے سے نمونہ کلام ملاحظہ ہو:

جسم کے روح سے رابطے ہیں بہت

 

;اس تعلق میں بھی فاصلے ہیں بہت

 

 

 

 

 

5عمر درکار ہے اس سفر کے لیے

 

7ہجر سے وصل تک مرحلے ہیں بہت

(۹۸۳)

 

 

 

 

9ہمیں چلنا ہے ترچھے زاویوں پر

 

;مگر رہنا ہے پھر بھی راستوں پر

(۹۸۴)

 

 

اسلام اور یہودیت کا قانون حلال و حرام: مشترکات اور مختلفات کا جا ئزہ

The world Semitic religions like Judaism, Christianity and Islam have given comprehensive regulations and code of life. Therefore; there has been a complete system and directions about “ḥalal” and “ḥaram” (kosher non-kosher) means legal and illegal (treif’ in Jewish law). As Islam gives clear cut directives in beliefs, worships, ethics, economy and ways of life to guide the men in life; similarly the Judaism has also given clear regulations in these fields to guide its followers. Islam has taught its followers to eat and drink ‘ḥalal’ (Tayyib), so Judaism has also stressed on eating only ‘kosher’ (food that can be consumed according to Jewish law). For example in animals; meat of cow, bull, sheep and goat etc are legitimizing for eating in both the religions. Similarly the meat of pig is not allowed for men. Many things are similar in both these religions regarding dietary law. This article describes about ‘ḥalal’ and ‘kosher’ things in detail and tells what the similarities and dissimilarities regarding dietary laws are found in their religious literatures.

Towards an Autonomous Self-Organizing Architecture for Green Computing in Networks

The last century can be identified with the transformation of mankind due to the large-scale adoption of technology. Significant changes have taken place in the planet due to continual outcomes from research. These technological advances have resulted in considerable changes in the overall quality as well as expectancy of human life. While technology has generally resulted in positive effects on the human civilization, such unplanned changes can also have numerous associated unexpected and emergent outcomes. Living in a linked world implies proliferation and diffusion of changes at the global level. While there are numerous aspects to the technological revolution, some of the key changes in urban environments can be attributed to the era of small and numerous connected computing devices. This has resulted in the texture of the ?Internet of Things? (IoT) ensuing more computing devices than the entire human population. Some of the resultant unexpected effects can perhaps be classified in three key areas; firstly in the form of greenhouse gas emissions, secondly, in the form of effects due to additional heat produced by computers and thirdly, residual effects of technological waste. Although there are solutions available which require human intervention and planning, the large-scale texture of connected devices forming this IoT offers opportunities to apply autonomic and self-organizing/nature-inspired techniques. The primary goal of this research is to examine how self-organizing techniques may be used to solve problems in setting up greener networks by solving problems from the above-mentioned domains. Specifically, algorithms and solutions to two common problems faced in computer networks are presented which can be helpful in developing greener networks. First, the solution for planning and correlation of up-time of computers in networks is presented. This is followed by a proposed self-organizing algorithm for hotspot reduction in large-scale data centers. This in turn minimizes the use of electricity as well as reduces the risks of electric failures due to overheating. To critically evaluate the proposed techniques, extensive simulation experiments using different modeling and simulation techniques such as Monte Carlo (?R? statistical tool) and Agent-based simulations (using NetLogo) have been performed. The first set of simulation experiments clearly demonstrates how the proposed Monte Carlo methods allow for an efficient allocation of carbon footprint in large-scale networks without requiring extensive communication. Furthermore, simulation experiments using agent-based models were used to evaluate the reduction of hot-spots by the use of proposed cellular automata algorithms. Results from extensive simulation experiments demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of utilizing autonomous self-organizing mechanisms as first steps towards making environment friendly large scale computer networks and clusters.