مولانا محمد ادریس کاندھلوی کی تفسیر

In Sciences of Hadith Modhog )"refer to the narrations originating from some narrators by self or from those narrators who had been found, with solid arguments, telling a lie rather than from other well-accepted sources that quote the prophet Muhammad (SAWS), his Sahaba or Tabieen. These wrongly attributed "traditions" got mingled with the Islamic Literature from various sources and the people used to quote them from one another without being properly probed and analyzed. During the era of the compilation of tafa'asir of the Holy Quran, some Arabic commentators mistakenly quoted those traditions in their respective tafa'asir. Many tafa'asirs contain a large number of such traditions. Some Urdu tafa'asirs relied upon Arabic tafa'asirs without analyzing those traditions and quoted them. Tafsir Maarif ul Quran is also one of those referred tafa'asirs. It is a need of the day that the research scholars in Islamic Studies should focus on this issue and all these tafa'asirs should be carefully analyzed and made free from baseless "Modhug Traditions". This research effort is an attempt to give a base for analyzing such traditions and to protect Islamic literature from the Modhog traditions

Causes of Neonatal Mortality and its Predictors at French Medical Institute for Children in Kabul, Afghanistan

Introduction: Neonatal Mortality in hospitalized patient is one of the major concerns globally. Despite of many initiatives, it is still a health challenge. In Afghanistan, neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is estimated as 45/1000 live births which is alarming and one of the highest rate in the world. This study aimed to identify the causes of mortality and its associated factors among neonates in French Medical Institute for Children, Kabul Afghanistan. Methodology: We conducted an analytical retrospective hospital based study to achieve the current study objectives. We extracted the records of 110 neonates who have died during hospitalization at FMIC due to somatic and/or organic diseases from January 2013 to December 2014. A structured checklist was developed to collect information for different variables. Data was analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 19.0. Chi-square test of independence was run for association between predictors and outcome variables. The study is approved by Institutional Ethical Review Board of Ministry of Public Health. Results: Among all the causes, Septicemia was found to be the leading cause of neonatal mortality and 60% of the neonates had died due to this cause. Following Septicemia, Pneumonia was the next leading cause of neonatal deaths and around 21% of the participants had died due to this second leading cause of mortality. On the other hand, meningitis contributed 10.91% in neonatal deaths. Around 7.27% of the deaths were due to complication of prematurity i.e. respiratory distress syndrome. One of the complications of prematurity was necrotizing Entero colitis which leads to 5.45% neonatal deaths. Ten percent of neonatal mortality was due to birth asphyxia, 10.91% because of meconium aspiration ix syndrome, and only 1.82% deaths due to TGA with closing PDA which is cyanotic type of congenital heart diseases in our study. In addition, this study has also showed that mortality due to Septicemia was significantly associated with birth weight and gestational age. Our research was unable to explore the socioeconomic factors associated with mortality due to Pneumonia.Conclusion: Neonates are the high risk population in Afghanistan. This study has estimated proportions of neonatal mortality due to Septicemia and Pneumonia as 60% and 21% respectively. Immediate and long term actions are required to change the current situation and improve the overall neonatal health at home, facility and hospital levels. The recommendations have implications for ministry of public health to devise relevant and appropriate interventions and policies