Knowledge Networks are gaining momentum within cyber world. Knowledge leads to innovation and for this reason organizations focus on research and information gathering in order to gain and improve existing knowledge. In this age of information, which is primarily based on internet and world wide web technologies, enable significantly expanded networks of people to communicate and collaborate „virtually‟ across teams of the entire organization, across organizations and the world, anytime and anyplace. Therefore, wonderful innovations in computing and telecommunications have transformed the corporations from structured and manageable type to interwoven network of blurred boundaries such as; ad hoc networks and mobile wireless networks, semantic web technology etc. This study explores the means of knowledge networks in Information Technology and security leaks that are found and measures that are taken to counter this menace are coming up with optimal Secure Clustered Power Centric node network. The study estimates these measures, evaluating and integrating them to come up with a secured network design. This study seeks to establish these threats and attacks and counter security measures in Wireless Sensor Networks, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and Semantic Web technology and propose architecture for the purpose of establishing secure routing in knowledge networks called Optimized Network Security Solution for Knowledge Networks – ONSS-KN. Design and development of power-aware, scalable and performance efficient routing protocols for Knowledge Networks (KNs) is an active area of research. In this dissertation, we show that insect colonies based intelligence – commonly referred to as Swarm Intelligence (SI) – provides an ideal metaphor for developing routing protocols for KNs because they consist of minimalists, autonomous individuals that through local interactions self-organize to produce system-level behaviors that show lifelong adaptability to changes and perturbations in an external environment. In this context, we propose a clustering and secure data routing protocol for KNs (iRoutCluster) – inspired by the foraging principles of honey bees. Qaisar Javaid (1094-212001) Page vTo conclude this study, we perform simulation studies to analyze and compare the performance of the final iRoutCluster design with existing protocols. The simulation results demonstrate that iRoutCluster outperforms its competitors in all assumed scenarios and metrics. We then implement the iRoutCluster protocol in MATLAB ® simulator to further investigate its performance in mobile networks and large-scale static sensor networks. The results clearly show that iRoutCluster not only performs well in large-scale networks, but is equally good in MANETs as well. Therefore, iRoutCluster is a viable protocol for hybrid ad hoc networks.
آگرہ میں بازار پر افسردگی کا راج ہے اور کچھ نہیں بکتا۔ ایک کھیرا بیچنے والے کو لگتا ہے کہ اگر اسے اپنی مصنوعات کی خوبیوں کے بارے میں لکھی ہوئی نظم مل جائے تو یہ بہتر فروخت ہوگی۔ وہ کئی شاعروں سے رجوع کرتا ہے لیکن وہ اس کی درخواست کو ٹھکرا دیتے ہیں۔ آخر میں وہ شاعر نظیر کے پاس جاتا ہے جو اسے فوراً پابند کرتا ہے۔ وہ کھیرے کے بارے میں نظیر کا گانا گاتا ہے اور اس کے پروڈکٹ کے لیے گاہک جمع ہوتے ہیں۔ دوسرے دکاندار - لڈو والا، تربوز والا، وغیرہ - اس کی پیروی کرتے ہیں اور جلد ہی پورا بازار نظیر اکبر آبادی کے گانوں سے گونجنے لگتا ہے۔
اس مرکزی پلاٹ کے ارد گرد ایک نوجوان آوارہ کی کہانی بنی ہے جو ایک ویگن کا پیچھا کرتا ہے اور اپنے حریف ایک پولیس انسپکٹر کے ہاتھوں انجام کو پہنچتا ہے، جسے وہ محبت کے اس کھیل میں پہلے شرمندہ کر چکا ہے۔ ٹی اے، ممبئی کے سرگرم رکن ہونے کے علاوہ، وہ ایڈیٹر اور ڈرامہ نقاد بھی رہ چکے ہیں۔ ان کی کچھ اہم پروڈکشن جن میں آگرہ بازار، مٹی کی گاڑی، چرنداس چور، جن لاہور نہیں دیکھا، راجکت اور بہت کچھ شامل ہے۔ حبیب تنویر کو سنگیت ناٹک اکادمی ایوارڈ، ڈرامہ کے لیے شیکھر سمان، ناندیکر ایوارڈ، فرنگ فرسٹ ملا۔
* نیا تھیٹر*
نیا تھیٹرحبیب تنویرنے 1959 میں قائم کیا ۔ ایک پیشہ ور...
The experts from various fields have maintained some rules and regulations in understanding and acquiring skills in this field of knowledge. This is due to their efforts which make very simple to understand it similarly the experts of ʽilm-ul-Fiqah i.e. Mujtahedyn and respected Fuqahāʼ have formulated some rules and regulations in the light of Qurʼan, Sunnah and decision act of companions of Muhammad (SAW) which also made it not only simple but it furnish skills and strategies in solving problems in field of Fiqah.
The study intended to compare the effectiveness of teachers’ transformational and transactional
leadership styles on students’ academic achievement. The objectives of the study were: to compare
public and private sector college teachers' transformational leadership style; to evaluate public and
private sector college teachers’ transactional leadership style; to explore gender wise differences in
public and private sector college teachers' views about their leadership styles; to measure gender wise
differences in students’ views of public and private sector college about their teachers’ leadership
styles; to compare relationship between teachers’ leadership styles and students’ academic
achievement; to calculate gender wise differences in academic achievement of students in public and
private sector. The population of the study was college teachers and students of 12th grade from public
and private colleges registered and affiliated with Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary
Education Islamabad. Total 36 null hypotheses were developed.
The major findings inferred from the data analysis were: there was found significant gender difference
in the opinion of teachers about teachers’ transformational leadership style, male and female teachers
did not show any difference of opinion about teachers’ transactional leadership styles, male and female
students gave different opinion about their teachers’ transactional leadership style, students from
moderate ability groups were found more concerned about their teachers’ leadership styles; the
transformational and the transactional leadership styles than low and high ability groups, positive
relationship was found between teachers’ transformational and transactional leadership styles with
students’ academic achievement.
The major recommendations of the study were: There is a need to design a complete course for
teachers’ training in leadership and this course may be included in teacher training programs. Effects
of teachers’ leadership styles may be investigated with reference to self-actualization of students. The
teachers’ training program for in-service college teachers may be designed for development of traits of
leadership and for this purpose the model proposed by the researcher may be used for designing
teachers’ leadership training course.