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Prediction Based Greedy Routing Strategies for Wireless Networks of Moving Objects

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Israr, Amber

Program

PhD

Institute

Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Electronics

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/12255/1/Amber%20Israr_Electronic%20Engg_2018_SSUET_PRR.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727812762

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Calculation and prediction of link duration between two nodes connected, as to create networks for communication system has always been a main area of high degree of importance. With the introduction of Ad Hoc networking concept along with its emerging subsets like MANETs, VANETs and FLYNETs. The issue regarding the calculation and prediction of the node''s link with reference to time is becoming more challenging because of the requirements of different strategies in different scenarios. As well as the changing topology and high speed of node had a great impact of link duration analysis. Geographic routing algorithms have the potency to work with a large network without maintaining the routing table of a node with complete route information, thus decreased the routing overhead. These routing strategies are incredibly suitable for the networks created by the VANETs with their high speeds and changing topology characterization. A number of researchers are involved with the development of routing strategies for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), which can cope up with the uncertainties of the scenarios associated with the variable speed and high dynamics change of network topologies. With the advent of IPv6 and cheap availability of GPS, system''s geographic routing is becoming a solution for the problem associated with the possibility of the successful routing in VANETs. Disadvantage associated with the geographic routing is its reliability associated with the precise requirement of position information of the node. These networks are quite hard to handle in terms of the presence of such hindrances or may prove to be much more cost effective. Furthermore, time lagging factor’s presence in the routing table of the neighboring node because of the movement of the node position information is a reality which cannot be denied. Hence, the pattern of movement of a node is another issue which should be taken into account before the selection of routing nodes. Opportunely, according to our analysis vehicle movement is not complicated in highway scenarios. By using this, the significant observation, we had designed a movement pattern which can simulate the nodes moving in the highway scenario. Data set of a project group had been used. Project group had gathered data on a high way for bi directional traffic. Roads are divided into 1000 meter segments as to observe the movement pattern and then analysis had been performed. Our highway scenarios are able to capture different events and also connect the vehicles on the road from each other. We have suggested a fresh approach for geographic routing, which exploits the predicted locations of vehicles. We have proposed a stable link duration technique based on the prediction method by using the heading direction and present speed of a vehicle. This can effectively reduce the requested frequency of position update. Special tool in MATLAB has been designed for the testing different scenarios of VANETs by using different entity based mobility models.
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پروفیسر عبدالحلیم ندوی

پروفیسر عبدالحلیم ندوی
افسوس ہے کہ اردو اور عربی زبان کے صاحب علم و قلم پروفیسر عبدالحلیم ندوی ۱۲؍ اکتوبر ۲۰۰۵؁ء کو دہلی کے اپولو اسپتال میں انتقال فرماگئے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔ ان کی تدفین جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ کے قبرستان میں ہوئی، مرحوم کئی سال سے مسلسل علیل ہونے کی بنا پر گوشہ نشین اور موتواقبل ان تموتوا کی عملی تفسیر ہوگئے تھے۔
پروفیسر عبدالحلیم کا وطن صاحب گنج دیوریا تھا جہاں ۱۹۲۶؁ء میں ان کی ولادت ہوئی مگر اب دہلی ہی کے ہوگئے تھے، عربی کی اعلا تعلیم کے لیے دارالعلوم ندوۃالعلماء میں داخلہ لیا، وہاں سے فراغت کے بعد جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ میں عصری تعلیم کی تحصیل کی اور علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی سے پی۔ایچ۔ڈی کی ڈگری لی، پھر قاہرہ یونی ورسٹی سے بھی کسب فیض کیا۔
مصر سے واپسی کے بعد جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ میں تدریس کی خدمت پر مامور ہوئے، پھر سنٹرل انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف انگلش اینڈ فارن لینگویجز حیدرآباد سے وابستہ ہوئے اور پروفیسر، صدر شعبہ اور فیکلٹی کے ڈین ہوئے، وظیفہ یاب ہونے کے بعد کچھ دنوں جواہر لال نہرو یونیورسٹی دہلی سے متعلق رہے اور ۱۹۸۳؁ء میں دمشق یونیورسٹی میں وزیٹنگ پروفیسر ہوئے اور جامعہ ملیہ دہلی میں پروفیسر ایمرٹس مقرر ہوئے، وہ ایک اچھے اور کامیاب استاد کی حیثیت سے نیک نام اور طلبہ میں مقبول تھے۔
ڈاکٹر سید عابد حسین نے ذاکر انسٹی ٹیوٹ جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ دہلی سے سہ ماہی ’’اسلام اور عصر جدید‘‘ کے نام سے ایک باوقار علمی رسالہ نکالاتو پروفیسر عبدالحلیم کو اس کا نائب مدیر مقرر کیا، مرحوم کو اردو اور عربی دونوں زبانوں میں تحریر و تقریر کا ملکہ تھا، اردو میں تاریخ ادب عربی کی تین جلدیں لکھیں اور عربی میں ہندوستان کے عربی مدارس پر مراکز التعلیمیۃ العربیۃ فی الھند لکھی، یہ دونوں کتابیں مقبول ہوئیں اور حوالے کے...

Understanding and Promotion of Civic Behavior Among Students in the Light of Sīrah

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Exploring Secondary School Physics Teachers’ Content Knowledge of Physics: A Study from Gilgit-Baltistan

This survey study explored secondary school physics teachers’ content knowledge of the selected content domains of secondary school physics including: Waves and Oscillations, Heat and Temperature, Electricity and Magnetism and Mechanics. The subsidiary aim was to identify the questions which were responded incorrectly by the majority of participant teachers. Physics Achievement Test (PAT) was adopted from previous research studies and found to be reliable for the sample of this study (α = 0.76). The tool was directly administered to 120 secondary school physics teachers from public (n=57) and private (n=63) schools of tehsil Danyore district Gilgit, Gilgit-Baltistan. Results of the study showed that physics teachers’ overall performance on PAT was 60% of total score (35). Teachers’ performed better than the overall score in all content domains except Electricity and Magnetism (53%). In order to explore the extent of difficulty of each item of PAT, Difficulty Index was computed for all 35 items. Of the 35 items, 5 fell in the difficult range. Moreover, among the cognitive domains teachers’ demonstrated better performance in the items of Application and Knowledge whereas they found Reasoning domain the most difficult. The study provides significant insights into the existing content knowledge of physics teachers for policy, practice and further research. Future research can be benefitted by conducting a large scale study on a bigger and more representative sample for better generalizability.