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Scalable Distributed Hash Table Based Routing With Distributed Partition Detection and Mergig I Mobile Ad Hoc Network

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Zahid, Saleem

Program

PhD

Institute

International Islamic University

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad.

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13387/1/Saleem%20Zahid%20Software%20Engg%202019%20iiui%20isb%20prr.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727828773

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Distributed Hash Table (DHT)-based routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) completely eliminates flooding at the control plane as well as at the data plane, thus makes the network scalable. In DHT-based MANETs, a logical structured network is built over the ad hoc physical topology in a fully distributed manner and routing is performed using logical identifiers (i.e. transient addresses) rather using IP addresses. This thesis investigates the DHT-based routing paradigm in MANETs and points out that existing state-of-the-art DHT routing protocols assume ideal network environments and, ignore the adversarial environment offered by MANETs. Limited radio range, mobility, lack of infrastructure and decentralized nature introduce frequent and unpredictable changes to network topology in MANETs (i.e. connectivity/dis-connectivity, node(s)/link(s) failure, network partition, frequent merging). The network dynamics severely damage the logical structured network (i.e. the logical space (LS) distributed among the nodes) and completely halt communication. Specifically, existing work fails to address issues such as node(s)/link(s) failure and its impact (i.e. anchor node failure and lookups), network partitioning, lost LS recovery and reusing (i.e. disrupted LS) and merging considerations. Curtailing the information loss due to the network dynamics is imperative for the successful communication in DHT networks. Similarly, the key factor that defines overall routing performance in DHT networks is the successful resolution of lookup requests with minimum possible delay. However, we found that existing DHT protocols suffer from longer delay and, fail to ensure the successful resolution of the lookup requests. Therefore, effective distributed solutions under the scalability constraints are needed to tolerate the faults in the logical network and to provide end-to-end connectivity in such an adversarial environment. It is worthy to mention that the targeted problems are completely unexplored and had never been addressed by the research community. For the first time, we are exploring the problems and providing solutions under the constraints. The first part of our work explores the impact of network dynamics on the intrinsics of DHT routing (i.e. lookup requests and successful resolution with minimum delay). A novel address publication mechanism, also called Anchor Request, is proposed. The mechanisms exploit k-hop topological information to detect critical regions in the network and replicate the index information (stored on the anchor node) across those regions. The considered prefailure measures (i.e critical regions detection and replication) are found to have good side effects on the resolution of lookup requests and delay, despite the failures. Simulation results endorse the significant gains in terms of lookup delay and success ratio. The second part targets the problems of distributed partition detection, unavailability of the anchor node due to partition, lost logical space (LS) recovery and reusing, and merging in DHT networks. We are using the philosophies of detection, replication and recovery to solve the identified problems. The proposed solutions ensure access to the index information despite the network partition. Similarly, prior to the network partition event, LS recovery and reusing is performed, this contributes an evenly distributed and connected logical network. The LS recovery process maintains evenly distributed LSs in each instance of the network after partition. Also, this sets grounds for smooth merging of the disjoint instances. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solutions.
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سید ہاشم علی اختر

سید ہاشم علی اختر صاحب
افسوس ہے کہ ۱۴؍ جون ۲۰۰۳؁ء کو جناب سید ہاشم علی اختر شکاگو میں وفات پاگئے، اناﷲ و انا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ جامعہ عثمانیہ کے مایہ ناز فرزند، حیدرآباد کے نام ور شخص اور ملک کے بڑے دانشور تھے، ان کو ملک کی دو شہرہ آفاق یونیورسٹیوں جامعہ عثمانیہ حیدرآباد اور علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی کا وائس چانسلر ہونے کا فخر بھی حاصل ہوا۔
جناب ہاشم علی اختر کی پیدائش ۶؍ اکتوبر ۱۹۲۴؁ء کو حیدرآباد میں ہوئی تھی، شروع کی تعلیم مدرسوں میں ہوئی، ۱۹۳۸؁ء میں انہوں نے جامعہ عثمانیہ سے بی ایس سی اور ۱۹۴۴؁ء میں ایم ایس سی کیا، ان کی طبیعت کا رجحان علم و تعلیم کی طرف تھا، اس لیے شروع میں درس و تدریس ہی کے پیشے سے وابستہ ہوئے، پہلے سٹی ہائی اسکول میں مدرس ہوئے پھر سٹی کالج میں جونیئر لکچرر ہوئے، مگر ان میں نظم و نسق کی صلاحیت بھی بہ درجہ اتم تھی، اس لیے جلد ہی انتظامی شعبے سے ان کا تعلق ہوگیا اور ۱۹۴۶؁ء میں وہ حیدرآباد سیول سروس کے لیے منتخب ہوگئے، اس کے بعد آئی۔اے۔ایس کے لیے ان کا انتخاب ہوا اور ڈپٹی کلکٹر کے عہدے پر تقرر ہوا جس سے ترقی کرتے ہوئے پرنسپل سکریڑی کے عہدے پر فائز ہوئے۔
ہاشم صاحب کو نظم و نسق کا اچھا سلیقہ تھا، ایک کامیاب اور نیک نام آئی اے ایس آفیسر کی حیثیت سے ان کو بڑی عزت و شہرت ملی، سکریٹریٹ کی اچھی کارکردگی اور خوش انتطامی ہی کی وجہ سے سبکدوش ہونے کے بعد حکومت نے ۱۹۸۲؁ء میں انہیں جامعہ عثمانیہ حیدرآباد کا وائس چانسلر مقرر کردیا، ابھی اس کی میعاد مکمل نہیں ہوئی تھی کہ ۱۹۸۵؁ء میں علی گڑھ یونیورسٹی کے وائس چانسلر کے لیے ان کا انتخاب ہوگیا۔
وائس چانسلر کی حیثیت سے ان کی کارکردگی...

انسان کی تعمیر و ترقی بذریعہ قرآن کریم

The Holy Qur’ān is a complete code of life or system of life for whole humanity. It gives complete guidance for human life from birth to death and for eternal life as well. The Qur’ān were the only book that changed the lives of the companions of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). And they became the most successful persons of the world. They ruled over three continents successfully with the guidance mentioned in Holy Quran. Today, we must adopt the guidance of Holy Qur’ān to change the humanity. In his thesis we addressed all aspects of human life including beliefs, modes of worship and customs of individual life, and also provided the guidance about the collective aspects of life, such as the economic aspects, as well as full instructions of political system and social aspect as well. So, counter the transcend world and get the eternal peace, success, and tranquility through Holy Quran.

The Role of Psychological Capital Towards Teachers Job Commitment and Students Achievements: A Case Study University of Peshawar

The aim of this research was to investigate the role of psychological capital Teachers’ Job Commitment and students’ academic Achievements: A Case Study of University of Peshawar with special reference to higher education institute i.e. University of Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), province of Pakistan. The objectives of the study were to explore the psychological capital of teachers, the effect of psychological capital on teacher’s job commitment and to ascertain the effect of psychological capital on students’ achievements at tertiary level. The research study was conducted at University of Peshawar. The following null hypotheses were tested: 1) Psychological Capital has no significant effect on teachers’ job commitment. 2) Psychological Capital has no significant effect on students’ academic achievements.3) Teachers job commitment has no a significant effect on students’ academic achievements.4) There is no a significant difference of psychological capital and teachers’ job commitment (M, F) on students’ academic achievements. The research study was descriptive and co-relational/causal in nature as it aimed to describe the respondents attributes e.g. (age, gender etc) and establish relationship with the other factors such as psychological capital, teachers job commitment and student academic performance. The population of this research study was the entire teaching faculty (male and female) of the University of Peshawar. The total population of the study was 637 teachers of the University of Peshawar. The researcher utilizes survey method of data collection as it constructed and administered questionnaire to collect the data from respondents i.e. lecturers, assistant professors, associate professors and professors of University. The sample of the study consisted of 245 teaching faculty. For data gathering, the probability sampling technique i.e. stratified random sampling with proportionate allocation method was used. The data was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using an inferential statistical tool (Regression and T-test). To meet the objective number (i) to (v), the researcher used the Hierarchal Linear Regression Model. For measuring objective number (vi), the researcher used independent sample T-test. The result of correlation amid psychological capital, teacher’s job commitment and students’ academic achievement shows that there exists significant positive relationship between variables. Hierarchal Linear Regression analysis was conducted to examine the hypothesized relationship among the variables. The findings of the study exhibit that 1) the absence of psychological capital amid teachers is directly proportional to student’s poor academic grades, 2) those teacher’s in which psychological capital doesn’t exist their students not get higher marks in their assignment, mid-term and final term examinations, 3) those teacher’s in which job commitment doesn’t exist their students not get higher marks in their assignments, mid-term and final-term examination as compared to those teacher’s in which psychological capital exist, 4) The teacher’s job commitment was found a significant predictor of student better academic achievement, 5) the students of more committed teacher with higher psychological capital will get good grades and higher marks in their assignment, mid-term and final-term marks, 6) the committed teacher will give good lectures to their students with great synergy and impact. This in return, leads to the better student learning, enhance student knowledge and social skills. The study recommends that the management of University of Peshawar should make special attention for the enhancement of teacher’s psychological capital and their commitment in the job via training interventions.