النزعة الصوفية في شعر خوشحال خان

This article focuses on the various aspects of Khushal's mystical poetry. Khushal was well-read and had a lot of scholarly exposure. He also spent time in the company of great scholars. All these factors contributed to his mystical poetry. I. According to him the servant of God knows himself. In other words those people know themselves who know Allah. Ii This world becomes a mirage for those who believes in Allah and the world seems a useless place to them. Iii. There is a universe in the heart of a “darwesh”. Iv. There are two types of mind; one is worldly and the other is spiritual. They both consider each other as the same. V. True love does not depend on wisdom but it depends on the passion of the individuals. In short, Khushal khan khattak has expressed great mystical thoughts in his poetry for the benefits of all and sundry, and invites them to think about their near future and see what is happening around them and what will be the answer of that questions which would be asked on the day of resurrection.

Community Engagement in One of the Private Schools in Upper Chitral, Khyberpakhtunkhawa, Pakistan

This study investigates the process of community engagement in the school development. The study has been conducted in one of the private school in the rural area of Chitral, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The purpose was to explore the views, motivating factors, strategies, contributions and challenges of community engagement in the school development (CESD). Two community members, three members of school management committee (SMC), Head teacher and two class teachers and two group of students’ in which five female students in each group were the research participants. With qualitative lens the data were collected by interviewing, document analysis, and observation followed by focus group discussions with the students of class ninth and tenth. The data were analyzed though framework analysis to explore the similarities and differences of the views, level of contribution and strategies of the participants about the CESD. The findings of the study indicate that the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are the reasons of community engagement in the school academic, financial activities, infrastructure, policy implementation, and inside school decision making. The findings also indicates that community is contributing in school development as a donor, motivator, SMC, VEC, as a parent, impartial invigilator and guest speakers. This study also, discusses the gaps and challenges in the CESD activities in the Shaheen School. The study concludes that motivation and inspirations are rooted in religious affiliation of the community with school, welcoming environment due to quality teachers and contribution on self-help basis. The level of contribution and engagement of the community have also been discussed with reference the literature. The challenges of CESD in Shaheen School are rooted in economic conditions of the people, misunderstanding of socio-cultural and religious aspects of school development activities. Finally, the study presents the recommendations to the school administration to arrange the systematic awareness programs to effectively engage the community in decision making, policy formulation, co-curricular activities, financial co-operation and other school development activities.