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Determinents of the Parents Choice in Selection of Private School for Their Children in District Hunza Nagar of Gilgit-Baltistan

Thesis Info

Author

Sajjad Ahmed

Department

Professional Development Centre, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727892248

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Over the past decades the growth of private schools increased in Pakistan and it is higher in Gilgit-Baltistan where 42% private schools are providing education to more than 47% students of the region. The present survey study was conducted in District Hunza Nagar of Gilgit-BaItistan to investigate the factors which motivate and influence the parents' decision while selecting private schools for their children. The population of this study consisted of (n=270); the parents' of class 9th and 10th students of nine private high schools, selected through random sampling. The data were collected through a perception questionnaire comprising 30 items. The parents were asked to indicate their degree of agreement with each statement in the questionnaire, from ‘strongly disagrees' to 'strongly agrees’. The results of this study illustrate that curriculum standards, quality of teachers and teaching, school community relation, and future prospect are the major factors which influence parents' decision in selection of private schools. Results at a subscale level also revealed that parents think that private schools are providing modern education with English medium of instruction. Parents believe that private schools' teachers are more sincere and devoted; they timely check students' homework and give proper feedback. Furthermore, the findings indicated that parents believe that private schools students get good marks in board exams, easily get good job and are more competent and confident. Findings further reveal that private schools have strong relation with parents and community, and the school environment encourages quality teaching and learning. The results of this study provide significant insights about the factors which cause the increase of private sector schools. Based on the results of the study, some recommendations have been put forward for private, public schools, and Education Department of Gilgit Baltistan. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used as baseline for further study.
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یار میرا منہ زور

یار میرا منہ زور
دتا مینوں کھور
زلف سیاہ جئی ناگن
موراں ورگی ٹور
گئی جوانی لُٹی
لے گئے کئی چور
جھوریاں ماریا آ
دکھ نہیں کوئی ہور
سولی عاشق لئی
نین سیاہ بلور
کھورے ہڈی ِمکھ
نکی جئی ہِک جھور
ڈنگے ہِک محبت
گل نہیں کوئی ہور

Fasting Gastric Acidity Evidential Effect on Esophageal Mucosal Damage

Gastric substances that potentially increase the esophageal mucosal damage are: gastric acid, pepsin, bile salts, and pancreatic enzymes. From all of these substances, the highest potential for reflux damage is gastric acid. Although the main cause of clinical symptoms of GERD is acid reflux, it has been known that there are subgroups with typical reflux symptoms that do not provide sufficient response or not responsive to PPI treatment. Despite the improvement of esophagitis, there is no clinical improvements in reflux symptoms of 30% respondents. Therefore, this study was designed to determine fasting gastric acidity with endoscopic findings in patients with GERD. A comparative-analysis study, which determine the fasting gastric acidity from endoscopic findings in patients with GERD. Samples recruited using consecutives sampling technique and divided into groups of esophagitis and non-esophagitis reflux. A total of 40 samples involved in this study. The Mann-Whitney test, was used for analyzing the difference between fasting gastric acidity from endoscopic findings of esophagitis lesions in patient with GERD. The median value for fasting gastric acidity in the esophagitis reflux group was 1.88 (0.82-4.84), whereas the median value for fasting gastric acidity in the non-esophagitis reflux group was 2.49 (0.68-5.97). The Mann-Whitney test result was p=0.298 (p>0.05). This study shows that there is no significant difference of fasting gastric acidity from endoscopic findings between esophagitis and non esophagitis reflux groups in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study shows that esophagitis lesions are not affected by gastric acidity.

A Study of Teachers Professional Knowledge and its Practice at Secondary Level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice at secondary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In professional knowledge teachers‟ know their subject contents and how to teach those contents to their students. Teachers also focus on the action or process of teaching as well as the knowledge and skills gained through experience. Objectives of the study were: (i) To investigate the teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice at secondary level; (ii) To examine the factors that affect the teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice at secondary level; (iii) To find out what are the difficulties in the implementation of teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice; and (iv) To compare the views of working teachers and prospective teachers regarding teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice. For achieving the objectives of the study the following null hypotheses were tested; (i) There is no significant difference between teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice; (ii) There is no significant effect of environmental factors on teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice; (iii) There is no significant difference between difficulties and teachers‟ professional knowledge, its practices and implementation; and (iv) There is no significant difference between the views of working teachers and prospective teachers regarding teachers‟ professional knowledge and its practice. The population of the study was comprised of all the 210 prospective teachers who were enrolled as students of B.Ed (130) and M.Ed (80) in Northern University Nowshera (NUN) and all the 18683 (SST) male teachers at secondary level of Government Secondary Schools in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A convenient sample of 105 prospective teachers from Northern University Nowshera (NUN) and 600 male working teachers from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were selected through convenient sampling technique. The data were collected from xviii B.Ed and M.Ed classes of Northern University Nowshera (NUN) and from five Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: D.I.khan, Haripur, Mardan, Nowshera and Swabi. Three point questionnaires were used as research instrument for collection of data from the sample teachers. Chi-square technique was used to analyze the data statistically. The study was significant for all stakeholders in education including teachers, students, educational authorities and policy makers.