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Enhancement on Science Teachers Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Thesis Info

Author

Imdad Ali Baloch

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2003

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727900605

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Pedagogical content knowledge (Shulman 1986, 1987) is a knowledge base for teachers to learn to teach subject matter knowledge effectively. Gaining depth in pedagogical content knowledge leads teachers to the three perspective areas of teacher development that is, personal, social, and professional. Teacher development could take place more effectively through collaborative actions. A collaborative action research strategy under the qualitative research paradigm was undertaken to explore the ways to enhance the science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge. In order to gain understanding in depth of teachers' existing teaching practices, and to explore the possible ways of enhancement of pedagogical content knowledge following tools of data collection were used: field notes, semi-structured interviews, reflections of teachers and audiotape recordings of post conferences. In this study two teachers were involved, one from the primary and one from the lower secondary including myself. The study has revealed encouraging and promising insights of teachers' enhancement of pedagogical content knowledge and teacher development. The collaborative actions helped the teachers to reflect critically upon their teaching practices in order to teach subject matter more effectively. It helped the teachers to look more critically at the processes of students' learning of science, curriculum development, and knowledge of the environment. The study shared some key areas for teachers to enhance their ways of learning. This study illustrates that teachers can become teacher researchers if they are given support and opportunities at their workplaces.
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جمال عبدالناصر

جمال عبدالناصر
جمال عبدالناصر کی موت دنیائے عرب کا بہت بڑا حادثہ ہے، مدتوں کے بعد عربوں میں اتنا بڑا لیڈر پیدا ہوا تھا، ان کی پوری زندگی قوم و وطن کی راہ میں ایک جہد مسلسل تھی، اس راہ میں جان تک دے دی، انھوں نے عربوں میں آزادی کی روح پھونکی، مصر کی شخصی بادشاہت سے نجات دلائی، سامراجی طاقتوں سے ٹکرلی، برطانوی اثر و اقتدار سے سرزمین مصر کو آزاد کرایا، نہر سویز کے قومیا نے کے انتقام میں فرانس، برطانیہ اور اسرائیل کے متحدہ حملہ کو ذلت آمیز شکست دی، اسوان بند تعمیر کرایا، ان کے علاوہ اور بہت سے تعمیری کام کئے، ان کارناموں نے ان کو دنیا کے بڑے لیڈروں کی صف میں کھڑا کردیا تھا، وہ اپنی قوم میں اس قدر مقبول و محبوب تھے کہ اگر ان کی جگہ کوئی دوسرا لیڈر ہوتا تو ۶۷؁ء کو شکست کے بعد اس کا زوال یقین تھا، لیکن اس کے بعد بھی ان کی مقبولیت میں فرق نہ آیا، ان سے بعض سیاسی اور مذہبی غلطیاں بھی ہوئیں، جن سے عرب اتحاد اور خود ان کے ملک اور ان کی شہرت کو نقصان پہنچا لیکن ان کی مذہبی غلطیاں مذہب کی مخالفت یا اس سے آزادی کے بجائے اس دور کی لادینی سیاست کا نتیجہ تھیں جس سے کوئی اسلامی ملک بھی محفوظ نہیں، خصوصاً جن کی سیاست میں غیرمسلم بھی دخیل ہیں، مگر ان غلطیوں کے مقابلہ میں ان کے کارنامے زیادہ ہیں، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کے اچھے اعمال کے طفیل میں ان کی مغفرت اور ان کی لغزشوں سے درگزر فرمائے، ان کی زیر تعمیر مسجد میں ان کی تدفین بھی ان کے حسن خاتمہ کے لئے فال نیک ہے، ان کی موت سے عرب دنیا ایک ایسے لیڈر سے محروم ہوگئی، جس کی تلافی مدتوں نہ ہوسکے گی۔
اس...

Completeness Analysis of Completeness Filling and Time of Returning The Medical Record for Inpatient Patients at Regional General Hospital of Makassar City

At Makassar City Hospital, one of the service indicators that has not been achieved is in incomplete medical record files and medical record files that are returned more than 2x24 hours after service. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the completeness of filling in and the timeliness of returning inpatient medical record files at the Makassar City Hospital. This type of research is mixed methods research. The study design used a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in September - October 2020. The results showed that the implementation of completeness of filling in and the timeliness of returning medical record files was still low, this has led to the accumulation of medical record files in the treatment room and delays in returning the files of inpatients to the medical record installation of the City Hospital Makassar. Training on the implementation of medical records has not been comprehensive for all officers at the Makassar City Hospital. The result of the delay in returning the documents is the delay in payment of insurance claims to the hospital. Accumulation of medical records in the treatment room from incomplete medical records and returned to the treatment room. Health workers who forget to fill in complete medical records are only given a sanction in the form of a warning during a meeting with the medical committee. Availability of SOP on filling and returning medical record files at the hospital. The facilities and infrastructure in the implementation of medical records are still insufficient for medical record employees at Makassar City Hospital. It is recommended that the hospital improve the implementation of the completeness and timeliness of returning medical record files, provide incentives or rewards for completing filling in, increase the number of computers and expand the room in the medical record installation, and review the medical record format at Makassar City Hospital

Wave Propagation in Layered and Sandwich Structures

In this thesis, an analysis of wave propagation in symmetric planar waveguides or sandwich structures is studied with specific emphasis on the properties of the materials used in these structures. We consider four different models for the waveguide problems and discuss them for the propagation of electromagnetic surface and guided waves under various situations. These proposed models may offer possible applications to design and fabricate new sandwich or waveguide structures operating at microwave frequencies. In our first theoretical model, we analyse transverse electric (TE) surface waves for a plasma medium bounded by two ferrite films. The characteristic equations for the field components are derived and a dispersion relation is analytically obtained by using boundary conditions for the tangential field components. Numerical analysis shows the plots of effective wave index with surface wave frequency for different thicknesses and number densities of the plasma medium, and also for the different values of the dielectric constant of the ferrite films. In the second theoretical model, the characteristics of nonlinear TE surface waves are analysed in a plasma medium bounded by Kerr-type double-negative (DNG) metamaterials (MTMs). In this connection, the electric and the magnetic field components, the dispersion relation, and the power flow in the direction of propagation are derived. The dispersion relation and the power flow are numerically analysed for variations in different parameters of the guiding structure. We also examine the special cases for nonlinear single-negative (SNG) MTMs. The third model deals with the propagation of nonlinear TE surface waves in a structure consisting of a ferrite slab sandwiched between a Kerr-type DNG metamaterial (MTM). In addition to a DNG MTM, two special cases with nonlinear SNG MTMs have also been discussed. The dispersion relations are obtained by applying the boundary conditions to the tangential field components of each layer. The propagation characteristics are plotted numerically for the effective wave index versus propagation frequency. In the subsequent model, we discuss the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a high-temperature superconducting parallel-plate waveguide filled with an indefinite medium. In this connection, we obtain dispersion relations of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) wave modes. We numerically analyse the regions of propagation/nonpropagation for the different cases of TE and TM wave modes by plotting the phase velocity against the propagation frequency for different cases.