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Exploring the Impact of In-Service Training on Elementary Science Teachers’ Professional Competence

Thesis Info

Author

Ullah, Inayat

Department

Professional Development Centre, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727922530

Similar


Public school teachers in Pakistan often undergo in-service trainings that are usually managed by foreign donor-funded agencies. Because of the poor performance of primary schools, the training projects usually focus on professional development of primary and elementary teachers. It is important to know how much the programmes are beneficial for building teachers’ professional knowledge basis by enhancing their teaching skills. To improve schools and enhance professional competence of elementary teachers, the Aga Khan University-Institute for Educational development launched a project known as Strengthening Teacher Education in Pakistan (STEP) through funding of Foreign Affairs and Trade Developments of Canada and the Aga Khan foundation (AKF-C) Canada. Among a variety of programmatic activities, Whole School Improvement (WSIP) is one of the key programmes of STEP project implemented in multifaceted interventions in three separate districts of Balochistan. Teachers continued professional development through in-house workshops and follow up support has been one of the key factors of WSIP. This study explored the impact of training programme conducted under Whole School Improvement Programme (WSIP) on primary teachers’ competence in the context of Balochistan. A qualitative case study methodology was adopted to conduct the study. The participants comprised four primary teachers and a Lead Teacher who was the master trainer. The data was collected through multiple sources: semi-structured interviews, classroom observation, field notes and document analysis. The main findings of the study suggested that the teachers built a collaborative learning environment in the schools. Their interactions and discussions enhanced their professional knowledge and skills. The teachers also developed friendly attitude with students. Furthermore, the teachers believed that on the one hand, the new learnt pedagogies help them involve students in interactive learning and on the other hand, they perceived that the pedagogical skills were helpful to enhance students’ conceptual understanding of science topics. However, the teachers faced challenges like, shortage of necessary teaching materials, lack of parental involvement, pressure of syllabus completion and lack of follow up support. These challenges impede the process of effective classroom teaching and learning. The study recommends further support in terms of resources and professional development for teachers.
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خالق کی عنایت ، ورفعنا لک ذکر


خالق کی عنایت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘
مخلوق پہ سبقت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

منشائے خدا روزِ ازل سے یہی ٹھہرا
اللہ کی چاہت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

اک خالقِ کونین تو اِک رحمتِ کونینؐ
کیا خوب رفاقت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

سننا بھی عبادت ہے تو پڑھنا بھی عبادت
قرآن کی آیت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

قرآن کے اوراقِ مقدّس کے علاوہ
ہے لوح کی زینت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

ہر سمت یہی ایک صدا گونج رہی ہے
کونین کی وسعت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

ُحُب دار ؛ محبت سے عطا کرتا ہے عرفاںـــؔ
محبوبؐ کو رفعت ’’وَرَفَعنا لَکَ ذِکرَک‘‘

حیل فقہ اسلامی كے تناظر میں

Abstract: Heela (-f*) is an Arabic word used as a term in Islamic Jurisprudence. In English language it can be explained "evasiveness" which can be interrupted in to ways as a person may understand something else than the meaning ofspeaker without labelling the lie. It demands wisdom and minuteness to be usedfor achieving the objectives. It legitimately lawful evasiveness and sinful evasiveness all two dimensions fit. The valid evasiveness fulfill all the legal requirements. It has further three types. Infirst type although evasiveness may be invalid but the achieved purpose must be lawful and valid. For example, a woman, who hasfiledfor divorcedfrom her husband can present before jury the fake witness, in order to achieve her purpose. In second type an evasiveness may be used as mean of profit or hurdlefrom getting a loss. It has the relation ofcause and effect. While in third type it has an element ofambiguity, which may be used to avoid the loss by misleading or giving false statement. Sinful evasiveness is the one which is used to achieve an illegal target. It is further divided into three types. In first type the evasiveness and the required purpose both stand illegal. In second type the evasiveness may be lawful but the targeted objective is unlawful. While in third type the evasiveness and the purpose both may be valid but these are manipulated to achieve an illegal purpose and objective.

Taxonomic Assessment of the Order Caryophyllales from Pakistan With Special Emphasis on Seed Morphology

The order Caryophyllales comprises 26 families distributed all over the world. In Pakistan it is represented by 14 families viz., Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Basellaceae, Cactaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Frankeniaceae, Gisekiaceae, Molluginaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Portulacaceae and Tamaricaceae. Detailed macro and micro morphological characters of seeds of 229 taxa belonging to the order Caryophyllales were examined by using light and scanning electron microscopy including seed descriptions, keys and micrographs. Considerable variation was observed in seed size, shape, colour and surface at family, generic, specific or infraspecific levels. The comprehensive study on seed morphology is first of its kind and provides an additional tool to strengthen the recognition of taxa within the order caryophyllales from Pakistan. This data is further analysed numerically by clustering to trace out the phylogenetic relationship of taxa at various levels.