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Factors Affecting Reading Culture in Elementary Schools of Naushahro Feroze

Thesis Info

Author

Solangi, Amanullah

Department

Professional Development Centre, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727935597

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Among the four skills of a language, reading is a very important skill. It enhances understanding, knowledge and information. For a student, reading is very essential for concept building. Reading develops in a certain environment. Without the culture of reading, one cannot promote one's skill of reading. Thus to explore the factors affecting reading culture, a research study was carried out in Naushahro Feroze, using qualitative research method. The research was conducted through a case study methodology. Two secondary schools were selected for this research; a public school and a private school. Data was gathered through interview questionnaire and through observation of schools in terms of available reading facilities. The research participants were six students from grade six, seven and eight of both schools. Besides students, there were parents of students and six class teachers from both schools. The condition of the public school was not good which will be discussed in chapter regarding reading culture. However, the private school had somewhat reading culture. Regarding home conditions, it was known that some parents provided reading material to their children while some could not afford due to their economic issues. It was found that lack of resources and facilities regarding reading and frequent usage of electronic devices, such as mobile phones and computers, were the impeding factors for the development of reading culture. On the other hand, it was pointed out that the establishment of libraries, provision of student-friendly reading material and careful parenting, in terms of giving opportunities and facilities for reading, were the facilitating factors for development of reading culture. To sum up, it was explored that there was no reading culture in school and in society. It was strongly suggested that all stakeholders needed to take responsibility for the development of reading culture. In this regard, the government should establish libraries in each school and town. It should provide books on discount to students so that they can purchase and read books.
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آسانی و سکون ، فراوانی ٹال کر

آسانی و سکون ، فراوانی ٹال کر
رہتا ہوں خوش میں خود کو مشقت میں ڈال کر

آنسو جو میرے آپ کے دامن پہ گر پڑے
ان موتیوں کو رکھنا مری جاں سنبھال کر

غم یہ کہ ہم کو دنیا نے تقسیم کر دیا
تو دل کے ٹوٹنے کا نہ اتنا ملال کر

میں نے پھر اُن کو مانگ لیا تھا جواب میں
جب مہربان ہو کے وہ بولے سوال کر

آ جائوں گا میں بزم میں تیری مگر ہے شرط
میری نشست پہلو میں اپنے بحال کر

سچ ہے اگر یہ بات تو پھر حوصلے سے سن
چہرے کو سُرخ اور نہ آنکھوں کو لال کر

تائبؔ فراق و ہجر کی تلخی کو جھیل جا
اے باکمال ایسا بھی کوئی کمال کر

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الخوارج وشعراھم فی العصر الاموی

Kharijites is a general term describing various Muslims who, while initially supporting the authority of the Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib, the son-in-Law and causing of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad PBUH, then later rejected his leadership. They first emerged in late 7th century, they considered the caliphate of abu Bakr and Umar to be rightly guided but believed that Utman ibn Affan had deviated from the path of Justice and truth in the last days of his caliphate, and hence was liable to be killed or displaced. They also believed that Ali ibn Abi Talib committed a grave sin when he agreed on the arbirtration with Muawiyah, in the Battle of Siffin, Ali acceded to Muawiyah's suggestion to stop the fighting and resort to negotiation, a large portion of Ali's troops(who later became the first Kharijites) refused to concede to that agreement, and they considered that Ali had breached a Qur'anic verse which states that The decision is only for Allah (Qur;an 6:57). The Subject of Kharijites have significant importance In Arabic literature because towards the life so there opinion and belief can be seen from there poetry, and in this these the focus was given to literary approach and contribution of kharijites.