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Improving the Teaching of Reading Comprehension in English As a Foreign Language Classroom in Karachi

Thesis Info

Author

Bibi, Hafiza

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2009

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727949664

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In most Urdu medium public schools of Pakistan English language teachers use Grammar Translation Method to teach English, consequently, affecting students' language learning in term of skills like speaking, reading, writing and listening' Recognizing this as an indication of the teachers’ unawareness of the innovative language teaching strategies, this study was planned how English language teachers could be helped in order to improve the teaching of Reading Comprehension (RC) in public schools in a multilingual context of Karachi, Pakistan. Qualitative approach using collaborative action research within the cyclic process of observe, reflect, act, and plan was used to study the situation. One English language teacher from a public school was exposed to different Reading Comprehension strategies like, pre-, while and post-reading activities such as guessing, predicting, skimming, scanning, vocabulary and comprehension questions. Data were collected through reflective journals, pre- and post-intervention interviews, informal discussions, classroom observations and field notes' In addition, four randomly selected students' works from the teacher's class were collected to look at the effectiveness of teaching from perspective of students' learning. The study revealed that the teacher was using GTM method without engaging students in Reading Comprehension process through different Reading Strategies (RS) such as predicting, guessing, skimming, and scanning, etc. The action helped the teacher to improve Teaching of Reading Comprehension (TRC); was able to develop lesson plans, learnt to implement the new strategies and to some extent improved reflective practices. Similarly, the action enhanced students' RC, developed motivation and interest and helped to deeply understand the problem from different dimensions; interconnectivity of different factors like, system of examination, family background of the students', school's context, etc., relating to the TRC process while working in the natural environment and inform the policy management. The findings of the study imply that in order to improve the TRC in EFL context teachers' critical engagement in different professional programs inside and outside the school is necessary.
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بسمل سعیدی

بسمل سعیدی
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں جناب بسمل سعیدی کاچند ماہ کی مسلسل علالت کے بعد دہلی میں انتقال ہوگیا۔مرحوم ٹونک(راجستھان)کے خاندان سادات سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، اس خاندان کی قرابت حضرت سید احمد شہید سے بھی تھی۔اس خاندان میں تعلیم قدیم وتعلیم جدید دونوں کے نامور افرادواشخاص پیداہوئے۔ مرحوم بلند پایہ شاعر اورصاحب فن استاد سخن تھے، غزل اورنظم دونوں پریکساں قدرت تھی، اُن کے فیض صحبت سے سینکڑوں نوجوان بڑے شاعر ہوگئے۔ایک عرصہ سے دہلی میں مقیم تھے۔خاندانی اعتبار سے صاحب املاک وجائیداد تھے لیکن ایک ایسی افتاد پڑی کہ سب کچھ جاتارہا۔طبعاً نہایت غیور وخوددار تھے۔ زندگی کے آخری سال عسرت اورتنگدستی میں گزرے یہاں تک کہ جسم وجان کا رشتہ بھی اسی عالم میں منقطع ہوگیا۔اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت وبخشش کی نعمتوں سے نوازے۔آمین
[ستمبر۱۹۷۷ء]

 

The Indian Muslims’ Services to Afghanistan & Turkey (1901-1929)

The Paper attempts to highlight the most significant Muslim personalities of British India who rendered services and sacrifices for the cause of pan-Islamism. They travelled to the neighbouring Muslim states of Afghanistan and Turkey for the larger cause of the Muslim brotherhood, and their freedom from the colonial powers. Their visits were either in official or unofficial capacity. The personalities include; Abdur Rahman Peshawari, Zafar Hasan Aibak, Mualana Ubaidullah Sindhi. The paper argues that these personalities have visited the Muslim countries of Afghanistan and Turkey in order to support the cause of Muslim brotherhood and their peace, development, and freedom. Their way of support was in the form of diplomatic negotiation. Descriptive and analytical methods were followed for analyzation/interpretation of data collected.

اردو ناول میں منظر نگاری: تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Like many other genres of literature, novel enjoys worldwide popularity today. The journey of novel in Urdu literature covers and spans a period of over a century. This genre was introduced into Urdu literature from the West and it gradually gained popularity. Novel is throughout the world most popular literature genre. The extent of its popularity can be gauged from the fact that most of Nobel Prize laureates in literature have been novel writers. Unlike West, no serious research work has been undertaken on novel in Urdu. Some literary critics have on individual basis did some research on some aspects of novel like its technique, shape, form and manner but still there insider need of thoroughgoing and exhaustive research on some vital aspects of novel such as how in an Urdu novel a novelists gives description of a phenomenon, how does he arranges sequence of incidents and events and how does it all impact a listener or a reader. In aforementioned field we don’t come across any good research oriented book. Considering the lack of serious research I undertook the task of tracing and subjecting to a thorough and detailed research the Description in Urdu novel from time of Deputy Nazir Ahmed till the year 2002. Description in Urdu novel in different ages was achieved through various techniques and means. In terms of description it underwent change in gradual phases as years passed by. Explanation of different ways of description needs a fuller research. This research paper has been written keeping in perspective the trajectory of Urdu novel in terms of description over a period of one century. This will open the way for new experiments in Urdu novel. To achieve the same goals and objectives this research paper has been arranged in various chapters. In chapter 1, description in literature has been defined technically and its various forms and shapes been subjected to fuller analysis. In addition, detail has been provided as to how description started in Urdu novel in the first place and how over time it took on various forms. Likewise it is also discussed in what manner description in novel differs from description in other genres of literature. In chapter 2, gives a thorough analysis of description in Urdu novel from the beginning till 1900.The tradition of fictional literature of 2nd half of 19th century has been given a brief treatment. In chapter 3, an analysis of description in Urdu novel has been presented from 1900 to 1947. Further brief introduction is given of the tradition of Urdu novel in 2nd half of 20th century. In chapter 4, a detailed analysis of various descriptive techniques in Urdu novel has been offered from period 1947 till 1971, the year of fall of East Pakistan. Furthermore, the impact of riots of Partition of Indian Subcontinent on Urdu novel has been traced. In chapter 5, analysis of description in Urdu novel from period of 1971 to 2002 is offered and attempt made to keep track of factors and reasons which caused the changes in descriptive techniques. In chapter 6, an overall analysis, recommendations and conclusions have been offered from all the ideas discussed in preceding chapters of research paper.