ظلمت سے الجھ پڑنا دامن کو جلا لینا
آ یا نہیں لوگوں کو جگنو سے دعا لینا
دکھ درد نکلتا ہے دکھ درد سنانے سے
تصویر کو کیا کرنا تصویر سے کیا لینا
بالی ترے کانوں کی جھومر ترے ماتھے کا
فتنوں کو ہوا دینا محشر سا اٹھا لینا
یہ رفض ہمارا تھا یہ رفض ہمارا ہے
یا عشق مدد کرنا یا عشق بچا لینا
دنیا کی پہنچ اتنی دنیا کا ہنر اتنا
رستوں کو جدا کرنا دیوار اٹھا لینا
ارمان رہا دل میں حسرت ہی رہی دل میں
اس پیکر ۔مرجاں کو سینے سے لگا لینا
اک عمر گزاری ہے قاسم اسی الجھن میں
دروازہ کھلا رکھنا زنجیر گرا لینا
It is obvious to everyone who has associated with Arabic and Urdu literature that both Mahmood Sami al Baroodi and Allma Muhammad Iqbal are the shining stars in the orbit of Arabic and Urdu literature, because each of them made the world busy by his literature, and tied to blow the spirit of innovation in the style of poetry and made free it from affectation and returned it to sincerity and integrity of expression, and each of them developed his political and cultural thought by traveling to Europe. In this article we have tried to highlight the political and literary life of Iqbal and al Barood, we also tried to analyze their efforts in the field of literature and their stand on the politics
Since the 1990s, Pakistan's banking sector has undergone measured and noteworthy reforms. The purpose of these reforms was to build a reliable and competitive banking system to improve efficiency and dependability. To assess and evaluate cost efficiency of Pakistani banks, this research uses parametric stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The study is conducted for the period of 1998 to 2010; a period immediately following the enactment of the financial reforms in the banking sector. And in this study we compare a number of specifications of SFA model to establish the desired frontier efficiency model. x The study shows that the one stage Hicks-neutral SFA model performs better than any other specifications tested. This SFA specification consisted of inPfts, outputs, control variables and generalized banking characteristics in the cost. Based on our SFA model, the cost efficiency of Pakistani banks is averaged to be 80%, over the period from 1998 until 2010. Over the same period, the structural reforms had a positive impact on Pakistani banking efficiency. Our findings show that Islamic banks and domestic private banks are more efficient than state-owned banks. Similar results were reported by Patti and Hardy (2005); Rizvi (2001), Matthews (2010) and Burki and Ahmad (2010). Furthermore, analysis suggests that differences in cost efficiency of Islamic banks in comparison to conventional banks is not statistically significant. In order to enhance Pakistani banking efficiency further, the State Bank of Pakistan should initiate better risk management policies. Furthermore, enhanced corporate governance and competition among banks could lead to an increased efficiency