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Practices of an Educational Institute in Promoting Ethnic Diversity

Thesis Info

Author

Nidah Hassan Ali

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2011

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727964928

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In the past few decades migration of people from one part of the world to another for multiple reasons like job opportunities, education, etc., results in societies to transform into multicultural and multiethnic societies. Increasingly cultural, ethnic and religious diversity have become one of the most important challenges which human society is facing across the globe (Cross, 2004). Nations who are not prepared to face this challenge are in fronting extremism, ethnic and religious conflicts which in turn harm the human value system. As diversity is a global challenge and how we address it will have global consequences, urgency is required in order to address the issue of diversity as an opportunity rather than a burden. Many educationalists and social activists believe that educational systems are the appropriate platform to deal with diversity issues. Educational institutes are now more populated with the students from diverse cultural, ethnic, geographical and religious backgrounds. Education is expected to contribute to stabilizing, conflicts, eliminating cultural stereotypes, encouraging intercultural dialogue, and promoting peace, tolerance and mutual understanding. The education systems particularly higher education is continuously reflecting on their policies and practices which has greater impact on students' learning gains in these diverse societies. In this regard the study aims to explore practices of an educational institute in promoting ethnic diversity through a case study in a private university. This study can be seen as the first of its kind in the context of Pakistan which could contribute in overcoming the challenges and issues related to diversity. Furthermore, it will contribute to the development of a healthy working relationship among the stakeholders from diverse ethnic, religious and cultural backgrounds. This study may also open the avenues for future studies with reference to diversity management with regard to the education system in a developing world context like Pakistan. The central research question that guides the study was: How do the practices of an educational institute (private university) promote ethnic diversity? This study has been conducted through the case study method within the qualitative research paradigm. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, artifact analysis and observations. Since the purpose of the study was to explore the phenomena of diversity in an educational organization, certain actors were the focus of the study. The director, four faculty members and four students from diverse backgrounds were selected as research participants through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that perception and
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عرضِ مصنف

بندہ ناچیز انتہائی ادب سے عرض گزار ہے کہ اللہ رب العزت نے ہمیں انسان بنایا اور اپنے پیارے محبوب کے دامن رحمت سے وابستہ فرمایا ۔ علاوہ ازیں بے شمار نعمتوں سے نوازا۔
ہمیں چاہیے کہ ہم اپنے رب کی عبادت کریں اور اس کے شکر گزار بندے بنیں۔ شریعت مطہرہ کے مطابق اپنی زندگی بسر کریں، لیکن ہم دین سے بہت دور ہوتے جارہے ہیں ۔ نفس کی خواہشات اور رسم و رواج کو بہت زیادہ اہمیت دیتے ہیںاور دین کے معاملہ بھی اپنی مرضی کرتے ہیں ۔ کسی نے کیا اچھا لکھا ہے:
جیویں پیارا راضی ہووے مرضی ویکھ سجن دی
جئے کر مرضی اپنی لوڑیں ایہہ گل کدے نہ بندی
جب کہ خدمت، ہمدردی ، درد دل کا جذبہ ہونا چاہیے ۔ علماء کا کام تو صرف بتادینا ہے عمل ہم نے کرنا ہے: ’’جیسا کریں گے ویسا بھریں گے‘‘ ۔ ذکر آتا ہے کہ بھگت کبیر کی جھونپڑی مذبح خانے کے پاس تھی ۔ جانور ذبح ہوتے وقت درد بھری آواز نکالتے تو آپ پریشان ہوکر کلی سے باہر آجاتے ۔ آخر آپ نے فرمایا :
کبیرا تیری جھونپڑی گل کٹیوں کے پاس
جو کرے سو بھرے توں کیوں رہے اداس
یہ دنیا کی زندگی بہت ہی مختصر ہے۔ سب کچھ یہیں چھوڑ کر چلے جانا ہے۔ کسی نے کیا خوب لکھا ہے:
اجڑ گئے وہ باغ جس کے لاکھوں مالی تھے
سکندر جب گیا دنیا سے دونوں ہاتھ خالی تھے
لکھیا چن چراغ نے سرفراز خان نوں:
کجھ کھا لیئے کجھ پی لیئے کچھ دے دیئے رحمان نوں
اتنا غرور نہیں چاہیے اس قبر دے مہمان نوں
چن چراغ میاں اس پینگ نے ٹٹ جاونا
ایہ جیہڑی چڑھی ہے اسمان نوں
اس زندگی کو کیوں نہ اللہ کی یاد میں...

مسائل میراث حل کرنے کے قدیم اور جدید حسابی طریقوں کا تقابلی جائزہ

Inheritance is a key issue in the Islamic Knowledge base. Its importance has been clarified in Qur’an and Sunnah. The Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) has referred to it as half of the knowledge and has ordered of seeking inheritance and warned that this will be eliminated first from my Ummah, and also notified that this is volatile nature of knowledge which get lost after memorization if not fully cared and practiced. In the light of above mentioned Hadīths it is worth consideration to make knowledge of Inheritance practicable in everyday life. A reason could be that the arithmetic means used for the solution of Inheritance problems is complicated and time consuming. There it is important to introduce such easy and short arithmetic rules for the solution of Inheritance problem that are easily understandable by both the scholars as well as the common man. This will result in making Inheritance easy to handle and hence will become practicable. In a hadith it is stated that near the day of judgement there will be a conflict between two persons in an Inheritance issue and they will not find a scholar to resolve their problem. In this Article an Introduction and comparison of old and new easy arithmetic principles are made in scholarly manner to introduce new easy methods and draw the attention of the people to such a valuable knowledge and relieve the Phobia of the people regarding it.

What Makes a Community-Based School Good in Terms of Practices Involvement and Participation?

This study was a case study of a community-based school (CBS) identified as an example of good practice' in terms of community participation. The study looks at the stakeholders' perceptions about community participation. This study aimed to find out the specific practices and community participation that helped make this CBS a good school. The findings of the study show that all stakeholders have positive attitudes towards the school. In particular, there is a general belief among the parents, community, managing board, teachers and students that this school is functioning according to its aims and objectives. The study indicates the types of support and strategies that are used to gain community support. The findings of the study identify factors responsible for the school's success. These were found to be; community participation/ support in terms of financial, material and physical support and teacher's commitment to achieve academic excellence. The study reveals strategies that enhance community participation in the school. These are; open door policy, mutual relationship between the school and the community, and shared decision making during annual general body meetings. The study indicates some of the challenges which the school faces and presents recommendations to strengthen the existing partnership in order to maintain quality in the school's practices.