KONSEP SETTING DAN STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN RUANG BERMAIN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS ANAK USIA DINI

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: 1) konsep setting ruang bermain yang dapat menunjang kreativitas anak; 2) penataan ruang bermain yang dapat menunjang kreativitas anak yang sesuai dengan perkembangannya; 3) pengelolaan elemen fsik ruang bermain dalam mengembangkan kreativitas anak; 4) pola seting ruang bermain (indoor) yang dilakukan di dua tempat penitipan anak (TPA) besar di Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) bersifat deskriptif kualitatif non statistik dengan menggunakan studi kasus (case study). Data diperoleh melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis tringulasi Moleong, yakni tringulasi sumber, tringulasi dengan metode, dan tringulasi dengan teori. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua tempat peneitipan anak (TPA) besar yang ada di Yogyakarta yaitu Taman Pengasuhan Anak (TPA) Beringharjo dan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Terpadu Untuk Anak Usia Dini Tiara Candra. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa: 1) konsep setting ruang bermain yang pada setiap lembaga yaitu menggunakan konsep home schooling dengan beyound centre and circle times (BCCT). 2) penataan ruang bermain dengan menggunakan sistem pembelajaran berdasarkan BCCT dan sudut ruang bermain yang disesuaikan dengan peralatan  dan sesuai dengan masa perkembangannya. 3) pengelolaan elemen fisik ruang bermain seperti pemilihan warna dan furniture disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan anak serta tidak mengandung bahan yang berbahaya. 4) pola setting ruang bermain ditata sesuai dengan konsep ruang bermain seperti yang telah diprogramkan. Kata kunci: Ruang Bermain, Anak Usia Dini, Kreativitas

Physical Chemical and Biological Treatment of Rice Husk to Improve its Untritive Value

Pakistan is mainly an agriculture country. Livestock is an integral part of the Agricultural economy unfortunately Livestock in Pakistan is producing for below its full potential. The main reason this poor performance is the shortage of fodder quantitatively and qualitative. Therefore, to overcome the shortage of green fodder, we have to export the conventional and nonconventional sources of feed. Pakistan is one of the major producer of rice in Asia, that’s shy rice husk which is a by-product of rice threshing process in frequently and cheaply available. In this study we study this underutilized source, by applying various treatments, evaluating their impact on husk topology and itsimpart on husk topology and its impact on ruminant feeding. In the first two experiments, the rice husk was subjected to acid, alkali, and water treatment at various temperature and concentration, we found a significant effect of temperature on rice husk (P>0.001). Whereas concentration in case of alkali treatment produced significant results (P?0.001). Topology of rice husk 4 bond specific bond vibrations was studied with the help of FT/IR and scanning electron microscopy. Electron micrographs showed swelling and even cracking of the epidermises. FT/IR results demonstrate a change in the absorbance in the polysaccharide bonding region. The third experiments deals with the enhancement of nutritive value of rice husk by SSF using Pleurotusflonda. Experiment shows significant increase in the CP and decrease in the total lignin content (P> 0001. Finally in the fourth experiment a ration having 20% differently procured husk were feeded to the small ruminant (Lohi Sheep) and the an average weekly weight gain comparable feed intake and FCR were found comparable with control. The data was analyzed using Mintab version 20:01. It is concluded that improving the quality of certain under utilized agricultural residue can minimize the feed gap in Pakistan. Rice husk is a valuable and acceptable source of fed for ruminant and there is need to educate the small farmer to break this myth.