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Role of Hec in Promoting and Facilitating Educational Research in Pakistani Universities

Thesis Info

Author

Karim Aman

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2011

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727972474

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This study explores the role of the Higher Education Commission CHEC) of Pakistan in facilitating and promoting educational research in Pakistani universities through policy analysis as research methodology. The role has been explored by the analysis of policy provisions, structures and processes developed by HEC to facilitate and promote educational research. Experiences of two Pakistani universities, one from public and one from private sector- has been analysed to explore that role. Analysis of the data suggests that research is a priority of HEC in its reform agenda for higher education in Pakistan. HEC has developed policy provisions, processes and structures that support and facilitate research in Pakistani universities but an overemphasis on scientific research has overshadowed educational research. Availability of funding, a wide range of incentives available for research, faculty development process for research, emphasis on publications and dissemination of research work, access to the global body of knowledge through IT integration and education, and research networks are indication of the effective role played by HEC for the promotion and facilitation of educational research. Research suggests that there exist some hindering factors as well which includes, dependency on donor funding and sustainability issues, communication gap between departments of education at universities and HEC, unavailability of clear policy text for educational research, lesser support provided to the private sector. Based on the findings, the study recommends development of indigenous funding strategy, enhanced collaboration and participation of universities through communicative structures, an increase in educational research funding, enhanced facilitation to private sector and wide range of evaluative studies to be carried out to review policy provisions and structural changes to facilitate educational research in Pakistani universities. In the end a post script comments on the post 18th amendment situation created by the dissolution of HEC.
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سچائی دی برکت

سچائی دی برکت

پرانے وقتاں دی گل اے کہ اک وار حضرت شیخ عبدالقادر جیلانی بال پن وچ علم حاصل کرن لئی اک قافلے دے نال بغداد توں روانہ ہوئے۔ ٹرن ویلے آپ دی والدہ محترمہ نے چالی دینار آپ دی قمیض دے اندر سی دتے تے نصیحت کیتی کہ پتر ہمیشہ سچ بولنا ایں۔ بھانویں کنی وی مشکل کیوں نہ بن جاوے۔ اتفاق دی گل اے کہ رستے وچ اوس قافلے اتے ڈاکواں نے حملہ کر دتا تے سارے بندیاں دا مال کھو لیا۔ جدوں ڈاکو واری واری پر بندے دی تلاشی لے رہے سن تاں اک ڈاکو نے آپ کولوں پچھیا کہ تیرے کول کیہ اے؟ آپ نے جواب دتا میرے کول چالی دینار نیں۔ جو میری والدی نے سفر تے روانہ ہوون توں پہلاں میری قمیض وچ سی دتے سن۔ ڈاکو نے آپ دی ایس گل اتے اعتبار نہ کیتا۔ ہر جدوں ویکھیا تاں واقعی قمیض اندر دینار سن۔ ڈاکو بہت حیران ہویا تے آپ نوں پھڑ کے اپنے سردار کول لے گیا۔ تے ساری گل سردار نوں دسی۔ سردار نے آکھیا۔ توں سچ بول کے اپنی رقم کیوں گوائی۔ جے توں جھوٹ بول دیندا تاں تیرے اُتے کسے نوں شک وی نئیں سی ہونا کہ تیرے کول اینی وڈی رقم اے۔ آپ نے فرمایا کہ میری والدہ نے سفرو شروع کرن ویلے ایہہ نصیحت کیتی سی کہ جھوٹ نئیں بولنا۔ ہمیشہ سچ بولنا ایں۔ میں جھوٹ بول کے اپنے والدہ دے حکم دی خلاف ورزی نئیں کر سکدا۔ ایس جواب نے سردار نوں بہت متاثر کیتا۔ اوس دے دل وچ خیال آیا کہ ایہہ منڈا اپنی ماں دے حکم دی خلاف ورزی نئیں کرسکدا۔ میں اپنے ربّ دا ایناں نافرمان آں کہ اوس دی کوئی وی گل نئیں مندا۔ سردار نے اوسے ویلے سچے دل توں توبہ کیتی تے لٹیا...

السياسة اللغوية ومظاهرها في مدونة قرارات اللغة العربية في المملكة العربية السعودية

هدفت الدراسة للوقوف على الوضع اللغوي في المملكة العربية السعودية والتعرف على القرارات الرسمية وخطاباتها التواصلية في تدبير مشكلات اللغة. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة فقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي، وتوصل الباحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها أنَّ القرارات الخاصة باللغة العربية غطَّت جميع نواحي الحياة الخاصة بالمجتمع السعودي تقريبًا؛ وذلك لأنها اللغة الأم لهذه المنطقة ولأن تفشي غيرها من اللغات يؤثر سلبًا على هذه اللغة وعلى عادات وتقاليد أهل هذه البقعة الفاضلة من هذه الأرض.

Spatial and Temporal Variation in Heavy Metal Toxicity and its Impact on the Ecosystem of Indus River

The Indus River is major freshwater resource for Pakistan’s 160 million people for its goods (e.g. edible fishes & water for irrigation purpose) and services (recreational, hosting migratory birds of high ecological importance).Increasing heavy metals level due to industrial and urban activities in the catchment of Indus River is a serious environmental issue with regard to health of aquatic food chain. Comprehensive investigation of heavy metal contamination in the water, sediment, aquatic plants and freshwater fishes of Indus River was needed for evaluating current heavy metal level buildup along food chain, developing necessary mitigation measures against increasing metal level for reduction of impacts on its ecosystem health and conservation of goods & survives of Indus River. The present study was conducted at three sampling sites of the Indus River including two sites (Chashma barrage and Taunsa barrage) which are “RAMSAR sites” internationally important for conservation point of view. Samples of water, sediments, aquatic plants and three commercially important freshwater fish species (Labeo rohita, Cyprinus carpio and Wallago attu) were collected on seasonal basis. Physico-chemical water quality parameters were measured in the field and Lab. Heavy metal levels were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Abiotic media (water & sediments), aquatic plants and human health risk of fish consumption were done respectively. Heavy metals in different compartments of River Indus were found in the order of Sediment>Aquatic plants>Fish>Water. Concentration of Cr and Pb in many of water samples of Chashma and Taunsa Barrage and As concentration at Mithan kot was higher than recommended WHO water quality guidelines although these were lower than National environmental quality guidelines of Pakistan. Ecological risk evaluation through metal content of sediments depicts that in sediments, Fe concentration at Taunsa barrage, Cu concentration at Chashma barrage, Ni, Hg and Pb at Mithan kot were higher than recommended International Sediment Quality Guidelines that can pose serious risk of adverse ecological effects. Bioaccumulation factor [AF] of various parts of aquatic plants species (Typha angustifolia and Pistia stratiotes) in relation to the sediment metal concentration of Indus River was calculated which ii shows that [AF] root ratios for Typha aungustifolia was high compared to the root ratios for Pistia Stratiotes. This difference was highest in the autumn and winter seasons. Root system of both plant species was the target part for heavy metal accumulation that concentrates highest metal concentrations in it compared to leaves and stem that accumulated comparatively lower metal content. Irrespective of inter-specific metal differences, heavy metal concentrations in the root systems of both species significantly varied on seasonal basis. Carnivorous fish (Wallago attu) accumulated more heavy metal when juxtaposed with herbivorous (Labeo rohita) & omnivorous fish (Cyprinus carpio). Heavy metal levels in non-edible tissues (liver and gills) were higher than permitted level of the heavy metals by FAO. In few samples of muscle tissues, Zn concentration in all of three fish species and Cr in Wallago attu were higher than recommended FAO limits. Health risk assessment suggested that although current levels of heavy metal in fish tissues cannot pose health risk to native human communities, but these metal contents are continuously increasing. It is recommended that Cr, Hg, Pb and Zn levels should be monitored in fish tissues on regular basis as these metals have the potential to pose adverse health effects to human in future. Heavy metal concentrations especially in water and sediments of Indus River were higher in low flow season of Indus River compared with international acceptable and safe limits, this may pose serious health threats through fish consumption, and can affect water use for recreational and irrigation purposes. This is utmost important for government institutions to conduct risk assessment studies or adopt intervention strategies for restoration and management of the Indus River.