Home > Studying Principal’S Practices of Encouraging Students’ Active Participation in the Management of a Private Secondary School in Gilgit-Baltistan
Studying Principal’S Practices of Encouraging Students’ Active Participation in the Management of a Private Secondary School in Gilgit-Baltistan
There is a growing recognition that students' active participation in school management is useful not only for students' own learning and development but also for promoting democratic values, shared leadership, and participatory decision making in schools. As students are an important part of the school, their voices must be heard and taken into account while making decisions about curricular and co-curricular activities as well as other administrative and strategic matters of the school. It is also important to recognize that by actively participating in school management, students develop leadership skills such as self-confidence, critical thinking, making informed judgments, taking decisions, and effective communication skills. However, experience and research insights from around the world show that students' active participation in school management depends largely on the principal's approach to school management. The principal, being the head of the school, can employ strategies, actions, and practices that will encourage and foster students' active roles in, and contributions to, the school management. However, not much is known, especially in the context of Gilgit-Baltistan GB), of principals' practices of encouraging students' active participation in school management. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore how the principal of a private secondary school in GB facilitates students' active participation in the management of the school. Using qualitative research method, an eclectic set of tools including semi-structured interviews, focused group discussions, observations, and document analysis, was used to generate and collect data. The findings of the study identify a number of innovative and contextually relevant strategies used by the principal for increasing students' active and meaningful participation in school management. The study also identified that the principal has a very positive attitude towards students' participation, as he sees students as leaders, major stakeholders, and helping hands in school and community the school serves. The principal has also created certain structures such as committees, clubs, and other bodies led or represented by students. However, the hierarchical structure of the organization often constrains the principal from involving students in key strategic decisions of the school. Therefore, there exists a gap between the decisions taken by higher authorities and the aspirations of the teachers, parents, communities, and students at the school. It is recommended that the principal is empowered and given the autonomy and authority to ensure active participation of students in school management.
Mirza Bedil is a famous and well renowned poet of his era and after his era. His poetry has very poetically and lyrically characteristics, thoughts of his poetry also influenced on Urdu and Persian language. Even big poets of Urdu and Persian Ghalib and Iqbal inspired by Bedil’s poetry style and thoughts. Bedil’s poetry has many ethically manners, mystically thoughts, secrets of life and also thoughts of life’s movement to forward. In this article must present the ethically and good manners aspects of Bedil’s poetry, according to life, mystic, God, earth and other aspects of daily life.
Minimum end-to-end delay, packet delay variations or packet jitter, and packet drop for given throughput in fixed and wireless networks are well-known important factors. These factors play important role in achieving better Quality of Service (QoS). Furthermore, these also have evident effects on network utilization, efficiency and better Quality of Experience (QoE) for services being carried over networks. Traffic intensities (TI) are generally used for dimensioning and capacity planning in telecom networks. Generally, TI depends on point of presence (POP) and its characteristics. These characteristics include type of area served, customer density, usage pattern and grade of service (GOS). Most of time, for TI in busiest hour is used to determine required capacities of network resources. This thesis research work extends concept of traffic intensity for period-to-period base rather than busiest hour and utilize traffic intensity being offered for packet scheduling in wireless and wired networks. This will provide an opportunity to manage packet forwarding decisions based on dynamics of planned Traffic intensities for given POP and will enable us optimize forwarding decisions and hence optimize delay, jitter, drop behavior of network nodes. To evaluate effects of packet scheduling based on TI, a model network was simulated using NS2 and Traffic Intensity Based Packet Scheduling (TIPS) algorithm was used to schedule packets from various sources to common destination. During analysis impact on end-to-end delay, jitter, and throughput and drop behavior of network nodes was evaluated and compared with various other available approaches. It is found that TIPS offers optimized results for better QoS and network utilization as compared to existing packet scheduling approaches like Drop Tail, Round Robin, Deficit Round Robin, RED and SFQ. This thesis document will provide details of packet scheduling methodology, TIPS algorithm, simulation results and their comparison with above packet scheduling algorithms.