مقاصد الإسلام في تحقيق السلام

This research focused on highlighting the purposes of Islam in achieving peace. This paper explains how Islam is the religion of peace and security for the worlds. Its provisions, legislations and purposes ensured all mankind the right to security and security of all kinds: Psychological security, financial security, social security and other types of security which ensure that humanity can live in peace. This is without any kind of these securities being subjected to any slight aggression, sabotage, deprivation or injustice, and if any of that happens then it would be a manifestation of violence and terrorism that is neither accepted nor recognized by Islam which is the religion of peace. The research has shown that Islam has preceded all international laws and norms with respect to the legalization of human rights in peace and war times alike and the sanctioning of those who violate them in this world and in the Hereafter. This is done with supporting evidence from the Quran, the Sunnah, the work of the leaders of Muslim Ummah throughout the Islamic centuries, and the testimonies of non-Muslims who have lived the mercy of Islam and come to know the observance of Islam of human rights. The aims of the research are: To demonstrate the legitimate purposes that Islam has brought to preserve human dignity and security. To show the precedence and superiority of Islamic law in the field of human rights care. To highlight the rich Islamic heritage of human values and civilization through the rules of humanitarian dealing in Islamic jurisprudence in war and peace, and the contributions of the purposes of the Sharia in the development of rules for the preservation of rights and freedoms.

An Integrated Framework for Antecedent and Consequences of Abusive Supervision Test of Multilevel Model

The purpose of this dissertation is to explore critical paradoxes related to abusive supervision in organizations, which is divided into two types: impulsive abusive supervision, and strategic abusive supervision. After validating these types of abusive supervision empirically, this study also investigates the impact at the individual level outcomes, i.e., employee morale. Drawing from ego depletion theory, proposed theoretical extension comprises a mediation model of a supervisors related antecedents as predictors of abusive supervision. This dissertation introduces self-regulatory resource (ego) depletion stemming from a supervisors related theoretical perspective on how and why supervisors behave abusively toward subordinates. A two-model investigation related to antecedents of abusive supervision and the employees related consequences stands in divergence to prior research, which has primarily focused on individual-related factors that a ect abusive supervision. This research demonstrates in what ways ego depletion is proximally associated with abusive supervision. In therst model, conducted at service sector of Pakistan, it was argued that a supervisors related antecedents in uences them to endorse strategic abusive behaviors through less ego depletion and the predictor explored in uences supervisors to enact impulsive abusive behaviors due to high ego depletion. In study 2, this dissertation investigated the impact of impulsive abusive supervision, and strategic abusive supervision on employees related outcomes (i.e. job stress) via employees morale. Data was collected through the survey based lagged design by using a purposive sampling technique and M plus for multilevel analysis. Using a sample of 503 supervisorsubordinate dyads, after receiving con rmation, both the models were tested (Multi-level modelling), both between and within level results were reported. Supervisors positive paranoia, Supervisors positive perfectionism, and Supervisors a ective commitment were only found insigni cant. All other variables were signi cant. And in study 2 all the proposed relationships related to strategic abusive supervision were proved empirically. This study opens new avenues for research and discusses practical implications for various work settings.