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Home > The Impact of Aku-Ied Certificates in Education Science on the Teaching Practice of a Science Teacher in a Government School

The Impact of Aku-Ied Certificates in Education Science on the Teaching Practice of a Science Teacher in a Government School

Thesis Info

Author

Khoso, Noor Ahmed

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2004

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727992929

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The purpose of this study was to identify the change (or lack of change) in the classroom practice of science teachers in a government school in Karachi, after completing the eight-week Certificate in Education (CE: Science) programme offered by the AKU-IED. The CE: Science focuses on exposing science teachers to new and innovative methods of teaching in the lower secondary classrooms. It emphasizes the training of teachers within the real classroom, and promotes activity-based science teaching, using low-cost or no-cost materials. I chose to study, in depth, the case of a male teacher, Abdul Sattar, from the Goodwill Government School, Karachi, who had completed his CE: Science last year. The data was gathered through interviews, classroom observations, and post observation meetings. The head teacher's interview, and informal conversations with students, also formed a part of the data. The major findings of the study are those the CE: Science does help change the classroom practice of the teacher, to a small extent. The participant's practice showed that he had perceptibly changed his attitude towards lesson planning, and now engaged in effective planning, where he actively searched for common everyday materials to use in classroom activities in science teaching. He also used demonstration as a method of bringing “alive” science for his students, and engaged in effective questioning, to engage the students. This resulted in enhanced students' motivation and participation in the classroom. Another important result of the CE: Science was that the teacher gave up corporal punishment and started using other means to reprimand, and to motivate students. The teacher also became aware of his need for updating content knowledge and pedagogical skills, and he has, since then, participated enthusiastically in professional development programmes, conducted by the Sindh Government. However, Abdul Sattar faces severe challenges in terms of lack of resources, shortage of teachers, heavy workload and overcrowded classrooms. The lack of parental involvement in school activities, the bureaucratic system and the rigid nature of the school culture are also inhibiting factors for change to occur.
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سید علی سردار جعفری

جعفری، سید علی سردار
اردو کا سردار چلا گیا
مدت سے اردو کا گلشن صیادوں اور گل چینوں کے نرغے میں ہے، بادِ حوادث بھی اس میں خاک اڑا کر اسے ویرانے میں تبدیل کرنے کے درپے ہے، اردو کے پرانے بادہ کش اٹھتے جارہے ہیں۔ ابھی مجروح ۱؂ سلطان پوری کے غم میں آنسو تھمے نہیں تھے کہ یکم اگست کو اردو کا بہت ممتاز اور قدر آور شخص بین الاقوامی شہرت کا حامل انقلابی شاعر، وسیع النظر ادیب و نقاد، اچھا مقرر و خطیب اور ترقی پسند تحریک کا میرکارواں، سید علی سردار جعفری بھی چل بسا۔ جس کے جانے سے اردو کی دلکش اور رنگارنگ گنگاجمنی تہذیب کا خاتمہ ہوگیا اور اردو دنیا میں ویرانی اور تاریکی چھاگئی، اردو والے بے قرار ہوکر کہہ رہے ہیں:
؂ اس غم کی تلافی کیا ہوگی ، اس درد کا درماں کیا ہوگا
جناب سید علی سردار جعفری کے بزرگ ریاست بلرام پور میں اونچے عہدوں پر فائز تھے۔ اس لئے ان کا خاندان آگرہ سے بلرام پور چلا آیاتھا۔ یہیں نومبر ۱۹۱۳؁ء میں سردار کی ولادت ہوئی اور اعلیٰ تعلیم علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی میں ہوئی، وہ طلبہ کے لیڈر بھی رہے اس وقت ملک میں قومی اور سیاسی سرگرمیاں عروج پر تھیں، ہر طرف سرفروشان وطن نے انگریزوں کے خلاف پرچم بغاوت بلند کر رکھا تھا اور پورا ملک انقلاب کے نعروں اور آزادی کے ترانوں سے گونج رہا تھا۔ سردار بھی اقبال سہیل کا یہ رجز پڑھتے ہوئے، آزادی کے دیوانوں کے لشکر میں جاملے۔
قید غلامی و حیات ننگ ہے، ننگ کائنات

Mلعنتِ بندگی کے ساتھ صووت زندگی نہ دیکھ
Mپھاڑ کے جیب و آستیں کر علمِ جنوں بلند

Gعشق کے میرکارواں پرچم خسروی نہ دیکھ
~ ابتدا ہی سے وہ مارکس کے خیالات سے متاثر تھے...

Justice System of Islam in the Form of Qisas, Diyat and Harabah for the Protection of Human Dignity

For peace in a society and to protect the lives and properties of all the individuals living in a society, it is necessary that there must be certain rules and regulations that govern the whole system of society.  A guideline for each and every aspect of human life should be there. For this purpose Islamic law or Shariah law took origin to govern an Islamic state and for avoiding injustice and to preserve human dignity Shariah law prescribes different forms of punishment which constitute the basic criminal justice system of Islam. These include Qisas, Diyat and Harabah. Thus, the Quran not only specifies principles of retaliation in the form of Qisas but also gives an option of monetary compensation (blood money Diyat) to the aggrieved family of the victim. The fear of the consequences in the form of punishments prescribed by the Shariah Law must be there in a person's mind before he commits a crime and this fear will abstain from violating human dignity by destroying his life and property.

Mediating Role of Job Stress on the Relationship of Job Demand and Work Life Balance

The study aimed to investigate the mediating role of job stress on relationship of job demand and work-life balance of nurses working in Multan, Pakistan. The study is based on the review of existing literature and collection of data through self-administered questionnaire. Sample was selected from nurses working within Multan by using convenience and snowball sampling techniques of non-probability sampling. This is a cross-sectional study as data is collected form the respondents at one specific point in time. A total of 134 questionnaires in English and Urdu were distributed in sample using convenience and snowball sampling and asked personally to fill the questionnaires; all the respondents returned the questionnaires. The results showed that most of the nurses working in Multan are young, single and well-qualified. All the three variables are positively correlated to each other. The mediation model presented by Baron and Kenny (1986) is applied and tested by hierarchical regression analysis. The mediation is checked by two models: in model no.1 job demand predicted work-life balance and in model no.2 both job demand and job stress predicted work-life balance. The regression analysis showed that both job demand and job stress brought change in work-life balance and increase of 19.9% is noticed in model no.2 after addition of job stress. As hypothesized, the job demand though affects the work-life balance of nurses but when the job becomes more demanding it creates job stress which more adversely affects the work-life balance of nurses. The results are applicable to the nurses working in Multan. Future research may further study the issue by enhancing the sample size and by adding other variables such as ?staff morale? and ?workplace environment?. The practical suggestions include implementation of results to reduce the level of stress in nurses and improve their existing conditions.