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The Influence of the Process of Teachers Involvement in School Development Planning on Their Practices

Thesis Info

Author

Shaaban, Mwanaate Juma

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

MEd

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2005

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727996545

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Teachers are the main implementers of most school improvement initiatives in schools. It is well recognized in the literature of teachers' involvement in SDP1 that involving teachers in the whole process including the planning stage is important for a better implementation of plans. Emphasis to involve stakeholders from the first stage is going on, and many schools, especially this network of private school I conducted my study on, have adopted the idea. They are currently involving teachers in different decisions about school curriculum and related activities. Therefore, the study aimed at exploring teachers' experiences on the process and influence of their involvement in planning for school improvement, on their practices. Since this was not a well-researched area, especially in Pakistan, therefore, the study is expected to provide useful information for policy makers. The process of involvement was uncovered through eliciting teachers' ideas and other stakeholders (headteacher and education officer) of the school improvement activities. This helped me to discover in what ways teachers are involved, to what extent and what were the influences on them as practitioners behind the involvement practices. Challenges as well as facilitating factors in this process were also examined, and hence useful information could come up for policy makers. I hope this will also help them to make an informed decision on different school improvement practices. The information on this topic was collected through qualitative case study method. This method facilitated eliciting teachers' experiences for providing useful descriptions and rich findings. Semi structured interviews, observations and document analysis were the three data collection techniques used during the study. Main research participants were two teachers, two LAC2 teachers, the headteacher and the education officer. Taking into consideration the time for the field work and teachers' work-load in the school, only one interview per teacher was conducted, and this made total number of interviews to be six. Due to national examinations schedule which was going on during the period of data collection only one classroom observation was done.
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Chapter 2: Qur’ānic Services of Dr. Isrār Aḥmad

Introduction of Anjuman Khuddām Al-Qur’ān

            Anjuman Khuddām al-Qur’ān was established by Dr. Isrār Aḥmad in March 1972A. D. It was registered in November 1972A. D and Dr. Isrār Aḥmad was declared as lifetime president.[1]

            The Memorandum of the Anjuman has the following contents:

Naḥmaduhū wa Nuṣallī ‘alā Rasūlehil karīm

Bismillāh al- Raḥmān al-Raḥīm

            It is strongly felt that the dream of the renaissance of Islām and the second tenure for supremacy of righteous Dīn cannot be fulfilled without initiating a general movement to invoke faith in Muslim Ummah. To achieve this, it is mandatory that the source of faith and belief, i. e, the doctrine of intellect and wisdom by the Qur’ān should be publicized on a wide scale. Since we are in harmony with the thoughts of Dr. Isrār Aḥmad by overviewing his matchless task performed by him for the last four and half years, we, the few servants of The Divine Book hereby decide to set up “Central Anjuman Khuddām al-Qur’ān” which under the guidance of Dr. Isrār Aḥmad will keep striving the following objectives:

1.         Learning and customization of the Arabic Language.

2.         General persuasion and an invitation to study the Qur’ān.

3.         Transmitting and publishing the Qur’ānic disciplines.

4.         Adequate grooming and training of the youth who can make teaching and learning of the Qur’ān the life-mission, and

5.         Setting up of aQur’ān Academy which may present across philosophy and wisdom of the Qur’ān at the highest academic level.

            May Allāh enable us to achieve these objectives by putting in maximum effort and sacrifice! (Āmīn)

             We are:...

Evaluation of Objectives of Population Education Integrated in School Curriculum on the Basis of Islamic Philosophy

Pakistan emerged on the map of world in 1947 as an Islamic state on the basis of two nation theory. Islam was the main binding force behind that unprecedented successful struggle. The inherent education system of Pakistan was greatly influenced by British and Indian education system. Since independence, various education policies and plans were formulated to align our education system with our philosophical foundation. During period 1983-1998, population education was integrated in school curriculum in three phases. The main objective of study was to evaluate the objectives of curricula on basis of Islamic philosophy. This study was delimited secondary school curriculum for class 1-10. The researcher used document analysis and expert review. The data obtained were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted statistically. The findings of study revealed that Population education remained a controversial area among curriculum developers.

Nutritional Assessment of Some Neglected and Underutilized Vegetables Wildly Grown in Sindh

comparison of nutritional value of nontraditional with commercial vegetables in Sindh. The questionnaire survey methodology was used to collect the data on the utilization and consumption of nontraditional and commercial vegetables in Mirpurkhas of Sindh province, Pakistan in 2014. On the basis of survey spinach, horse radish tree flowers, lambs quarter and gram leaves were collected in January, 2014 whereas, amaranthus was collected in the months of July-August, 2014 from district Mirpurkhas, packed with proper labelling and brought to the Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam for processing and nutritional analysis. The edible parts of vegetables were washed and divided into five sets namely control, boiled, cooked, thermally dehydrated and shade dried. The data of survey showed that gram leaves was the most popular nontraditional vegetable eaten frequent or occasionally by 82% respondents only 18% respondents never tasted or do not know this vegetable. Next vegetables which majority of respondent never tasted or did not know included amaranthus and lambs quarter. About 62% respondents never tasted or do not know horse radish tree flowers as vegetable while 38% respondents answered they eat occasionally. The nontraditional (lambs quarter, horse radish tree flowers, gram leaves, amaranthus) and commercial (spinach) vegetables were analyzed for their nutritive, mineral, vitamin, phytochemical and chlorophyll composition. The highest moisture content (92.66%) was found in spinach under boiled method followed by 88.760% moisture content in the same vegetable at fresh (control). Maximum ash content (16.15%) in horse radish tree flowers followed by 10.56% ash content in amaranthus under thermally dehydration. Protein content was found greater (7.56%) in gram leaves under thermal dehydration method. However, minimum protein of 1.04% was found in spinach under boiling method. The maximum value of 3.85% in horse radish tree flowers under cooking method while minimum fat content i.e. 0.85 and 0.75% was found in spinach and lambs quarter, respectively at boiling method. The highest value (13.35%) of fiber was obtained in thermally dried sample of horse radish tree flowers whereas the lowest value was recorded in boiled sample of spinach. However, higher carbohydrate (68.62%) content was found in lambs quarter at shade drying. The nontraditional vegetables also contain organic acids (e.g. lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid) in all the selected vegetables. The nontraditional and commercial vegetables were also recorded with significant amount of vitamins and phytochemicals. The energy value was found lowest in fresh spinach (38.35 Kcal 100g-1) hence was also detected lowered in other processing methods as compared to nontraditional vegetables. The results of the sensory evaluation of the uncooked and cooked samples in present study revealed that in uncooked samples, horse radish tree flowers obtained highest scores in appearance, color, odor, texture, taste, overall acceptability and purchase i.e. 4.90, 4.70, 4.00, 3.90, 3.50, 3.80 and 3.80. While in traditionally cooked samples lambs quarter and gram leaves retained original color and thus obtained the highest scores in appearance and taste i.e. 3.70, 3.90 and 3.70, 3.50, respectively. Acceptability study by hedonic scoring showed that nontraditional vegetables (horse radish tree flowers, lambs quarter, and gram leaves and amaranthus) made by traditional cooking were most acceptable as compared with commercial vegetable (spinach). These nontraditional vegetables when consumed in cooked form could also be a good source of nutrients. Principal component analysis revealed that the first seven principal components explained about 94.79% of the total variability in the observed parameters. Moisture, total solid, ash, fiber, carbohydrate, nitrogen free extract, energy value, acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, sodium and potassium resulted the most effective variables for the first principal component. Saponins, flavinoids, phenol and vitamin B3 were major contributors to second principal component, while tannins content was useful to define the third principal component. It was concluded that the nutrient and bioactive contents obtained from selected vegetables seem to suggest that the vegetables have high potential to contribute to the nutritional and health status of local as well as urban communities in Sindh Pakistan. Their use in the communities should therefore, be promoted. Taking into account the amount of nutrient and bioactive content in the selected nontraditional vegetable, these plants could be valuable and important contributor to the diets of the people in Sindh, Pakistan.