The concept of employing the locally available materials in teaching Science is emerging as a popular and worthwhile teaching learning strategy in building the conceptual understanding of students. It has a number of strengths, but the way it helps students construct on their own previous knowledge is valuable, and it also enables them to be the scientists of their own world. The purpose of this research was to see whether the locally available teaching materials or teacher-made materials could be utilized to teach the concepts of acid and base to secondary level students. It was undertaken with two research participants, who are comparatively less experienced, considering interviews, post-lesson conferences, observations and document analysis. Collaborative action research was employed in conducting this research study. All the interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed, and all the data was analyzed and categorized to achieve the themes. It was evident from the study that the research participants found the strategy and approach of locally available teaching materials constructive and interesting for their workplace learning, professional development and teaching learning. They thought that it was a useful micro level curriculum innovation for their professional development, and their simple efforts could make effective use of everyday material in their teaching. They found that collaborative work was central for its successful implementation, and it helped them a lot but costed nothing. The study further reveals that if teachers are facilitated and provided support, the concept of locally available teaching resources in Science, in Pakistani contexts, could be effective and productive. The research study has made some recommendations to include and emphasize the use of locally available materials in both pre-service and in-service training courses. It, further, suggests schools managements to ensure the on-going professional support at school level to novice teachers, so that it can boost their confidence level and working spirit.
مولانا محمد میاں مولانا محمد میاں سے قارئین معارف بخوبی واقف ہیں، ان کی علمی و عملی خدمات محتاج تعارف نہیں، وہ درکفے جام شریعت درکفے سندان عشق کے قائل تھے، انھوں نے علمی شغف اور قومی خدمت کو اپنی زندگی میں سمو رکھا تھا، مطالعہ و تحقیق اور تصنیف و تالیف کے لئے سکون قلب اور فراغ خاطر ضروری سمجھا جاتا ہے لیکن محمد میاں نے سیاست کے پرشور ہنگاموں اور قیدوبند کی پریشانیوں میں یہ منزل طے کی ہے، انھوں نے نہ کبھی دارورسن کا خوف کیا نہ آبلہ پائی کا گلہ وہ مطالعہ میں مصروف ہوتے یا درس و تدریس میں منہمک یا خاندانی مشاغل میں مشغول، جیسے ہی جنگ آزادی کابگل بجتا میدان میں نکل آتے، اور اس راہ کی ہر پریشانی خندہ پیشانی سے برداشت کرتے، وہ زندگی بھر اس روش پر چلتے رہے، سیاست کے ساتھ تقویٰ پر عمل بہت مشکل ہے، مگر انھوں نے سیاسی زندگی کو پاکیزگی سے کبھی جدا نہیں ہونے دیا، ان کی خدمت بے لوث اور ان کی سیرت بے داغ تھی، جماعتی زندگی میں کشمکش عام ہے، ہر شخص سیادت کا طالب ہوتا ہے لیکن ان کا ذہن اس عیب سے پاک تھا، انھوں نے اپنے مفاد پر جماعت کے مفاد کو ہمیشہ مقدم رکھا اور اس راہ ایثار میں ہر پریشانی کو خندہ پیشانی کے ساتھ برداشت کرتے رہے، افسوس ہے کہ علم و عمل اور ایثار و خدمت کا یہ مجسمہ دنیا سے رخصت ہوگیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ انھیں اپنی رحمت سے سرفراز فرمائے، اور دوسروں کو ان کی پاکیزہ اور پرخلوص زندگی کو نمونہ عمل بنانے کی توفیق عطا فرمائے۔ (عبد السلام قدوائی ندوی، نومبر ۱۹۷۵ء)
Abstract The aim of this research was to examine the impact of post-COVID stress on the anxiety and coping mechanisms of healthcare workers. A phenomenological approach was utilized to gain a deeper understanding of the personal experiences of the participants. The results of the study revealed the challenges faced by healthcare workers in the aftermath of the pandemic and the coping strategies they employed to manage stress. These findings provide valuable insights for healthcare organizations and policymakers in their efforts to support the mental well-being of healthcare workers. Keywords: Post-covid-19, anxiety, depression, infection, mental health, pandemics, frontline workers, qualitative study, covid aftermaths
The continuous weak subsolutions of general type second order linear partial dif- ferential equations are studied in the present thesis. Based on monotonic approximation techniques developed by Walter Littman (1963) we prove that under some regularity conditions on the coefficients of the uniformly elliptic differential operator any bounded continuous weak subsolution in a smooth domain D possesses all first order weak (Sobolev) partial derivatives and belongs to the weighted Sobolev space H 1 (D; h), where h(x) is the appropriate weight function. Moreover, we establish a new type weighted reverse Poincare inequality for the dif- ference of two bounded and continuous weak subsolutions. Further the latter inequality is applied to the approximation problem of the gradient of the analytically unknown value function of the optimal stochastic control prob- lem, the value function being the unique solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation.