حب الوطنی
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اساتذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’حب الوطنی ‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
جہاں تک حب اور محبت کا تعلق ہے تو کائنات رنگ و بو میں جتنا ذکر محبت کا ہوتا ہے شاید کوئی اور اصطلاح اتنی استعمال نہ ہوتی ہو ،کبھی کوئی اولاد سے محبت کا ذکر کرتا ہے۔ کبھی خوشبو سے محبت کا ذکر کیا جاتا ہے، کبھی دوستوں سے محبت کی پتنگیں بڑھائی جاتی ہیں،کبھی جائیداد سے محبت کا ذکر خیر ہوتا ہے بلکہ جائیداد کی محبت میں تو کشت و خون کا سلسلہ بھی روا رکھا جا تا ہے، سیم وزر سے محبت کی جاتی ہے۔ سونے چاندی کے اضانے میں اپنی تمام توانائیاں صرف کی جاتی ہیں، کوئی اولاد سے محبت کرتا ہے، کوئی مال سے محبت کرتا ہے، کوئی جان سے محبت کرتا ہے، اور وہ شخص کتنا خوش نصیب ہے جس کو اللہ اور اس کے رسولؐسے محبت ہوتی ہے۔
معزز سامعین!
بحیثیت مسلمان ہماری حقیقی محبت کا تقاضا یہی ہے کہ ہماری محبت کے جملہ پہلو سرورِ کائنات کی ذات با برکات کے لیے ہوں۔ اور آپؐ کے ساتھ محبت اس بات کی بھی متقاضی ہے کہ آپ کے ہر قول وفعل کو من وعن تسلیم کیا جائے اور پھر ہر زاویے سے اس پر عمل کرنے کی کوشش کی جائے ، اس میں ہماری دنیوی و اُخروی کامیابی ہے۔ سرکارِ دو عالمؐ کا ارشاد گرامی قدر ہے کہ حب الوطن من الایمان کہ وطن سے محبت ایمان سے ہے۔
صدرِذی وقار!
وطن کی محبت ایمان سے ہے اس کا اگر بنظر عمیق جائزہ لیں تو اسلام کے جملہ احکام بالخصوص اسی محبت کی تکمیل کے خواہاں ہیں۔...
Social media has become a key term in new participatory political discourse. Previous studies argued that youth is least interested in democracies and politics; hence, this study aims to explore the role of social media in increasing political participation among male and female university students. Data was collected from a sample of 340 students, chosen from equal gender proportion of five universities with purposive sampling technique to conduct quantitative survey research. The findings of study revealed a positive relationship between political participation and social media usage of students. It also confirms that majority respondents were using social media for political information but the trend is more popular among the male students as compared to females. Male participants were more involved in discussing politics and posting political content on social media, while females were more active in actionable politics like casting vote. The study concludes that social media is playing a significant role in enhancing political participation among university students and predicts a better future of democracies in social media world as new technology provides the language that young voters understand. It also realized that measures are required to attract female students towards participatory politics in Pakistan. ______
Biodiversity is a look to represents the life diversity (Members of all five kingdoms) of a given place, habitation or when combined with biogeography becomes the study of biological diversity of a habitat or territory that is out-of the-way by barriers. Biogeography is the study or science that looks at how and why distribution of plants and animals occurs. This project is a comprehensives overture to the concepts of both biodiversity and biogeography of the praying mantids occurring in various habitations, localities, areas of Pakistan. The research was carried out to organize a wide-ranging and efficient documentations of praying mantids (Mantodea) is in the right place to families, Amorphoscelididae, Eremiaphilidae, Empusidae, Mantidae and Hymenopodidae occurring in Pakistan. 959 specimens of praying mantids were collected and after sorting the Biodiversity and biogeography of 38 thirty eight species of (pitiless predators) praying mantids is known and discussed. Including one new species Microthespis oderai (Khokhar et al.,) one unnamed nymph and one unidentified adult praying mantids and six new records have been added to science. In adding together the position of praying mantids as a bio - control representative is decorated after conducting some experiments on live praying mantids and it is concluded that praying mantids, diversity is high in Pakistan due to favorable biogeographical conditions. Praying mantids are lion’s of the insect’s world, like lions they are active and ferocious predator and like, lioness most hunting is attempt by female praying mantid, but unlike lions praying mantids never wait for the death of victim hence they are famous as pitiless predators. These are only insects which use both front legs as man use its arms for capturing, cleaning and for defense. The praying mantids are only predator insect (among all the insects) which move their head up to 1800degree accompanying it hold prey, eat and clean mouth with their fore-legs like man use its arms.Further praying mantids attack is surprise attack on the prey within a part of a second without moving the whole body hence also called ambush predator, feeding principally on diversity of insects and rarely on small vertebrate. Overall they are beneficial insects, as many of the insects V consumed by them are crop pests. The biodiversity, biogeography and taxonomic study of this insect although experimental but certainly makes the basis for future, learning of praying mantids as potential predators for an essential part of biological control and integral pest management. This investigation for the first time carried out in Pakistan and it provide the firm basis of praying mantids biodiversity with the special references of biogeography including occurrence, feeding, mating, egg laying or oviposition, male and female longevity, female fecundity, mouthparts and employ them as bio control agent for crops protection. The simplified taxonomic keys based on the easily recognizable characters (pronotum, forelegs, hind wings, body length, coxa, femur, tibia, tarses) are organized. In addition, the newly described species new records are well supported by their copulatory apparatus. Furthermore the distributions of the previously species have been extended to new localities. Furthermore the biogeography of praying mantids has been studied of the total mantids fauna of Pakistan there are supplementary species belongs to typical of the Paleartic Region (33.33%) than of the Oriental Region (28.57%). About 14.28% of the fauna are of African origin. Mantis is the only global genus, which has species in most continents it constitutes about 4.76%. Pakistan has prosperous fauna of endemic species 19.04%. Alongside, above information the Biology of a mantid, Tenodera attunata is added, it was premeditated behind the assortment and identification of Oothecae (it is a solid waxy mass of eggs hence also called eggs bag), collected from various localities of Sindh, Pakistan, during May to November, in 2013-2015. These were kept at Average 26.2 ± 0.47 to 38.78 ± 0.47 0c day and night temperature and relative humidity 62.6 ± 0.55 to 82.6 % in the transparent glass house. Where their hatching, feeding, mating, oviposition, fecundity and longevity were known and documented. Apart from above information, the academic as well as commercial of praying mantids is documented. Another advantage of this study would be accommodating for future researchers who planned to study biology, ecology, use of praying mantids as a bio- control agent,behaviors of mantids and raring the praying mantids for sale (especially their oothecae).