مولانا غلام محمد نورگت
گزشتہ ماہ ہندوستان کی مشہور دینی شخصیت حضرت مولانا غلام محمد نورگت کی وفات سے علمی ودینی حلقوں میں صفِ ماتم بچھ گئی۔ان کی اچانک وفات کی خبر ہندوستان ہی میں نہیں بلکہ تمام عالم اسلام میں رنج وغم کے ساتھ سنی گئی۔ اِنّالِلّٰہِ وَاِنَّااِلَیْہِ رَاجِعُوْن۔
ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین سے مرحوم مولانا غلام محمد نورگت کاتعلق ورابطہ اس کے قیام اول ہی سے تھا۔وہ اس کے نہ صرف لائف ممبر ورکن تھے بلکہ اس کے بانی اورعالم اسلام کی زبردست ہستی مفکرِ ملّت حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی ؒ کے خصوصی رفقاء میں تھے۔حضرت مفتی صاحبؒ کے مشوروں وہدایات کے تحت انہوں نے اپنے آبائی وطن گجرات سورت اوراس کے مضافات میں اسلامیات کے فروغ اور مذہبی ودینی تعلیمات کے لیے دینی مدرسوں کے قیام میں بڑھ چڑھ کرحصہ لیا۔کتنے ہی مدارس انہوں نے قائم کیے اور ان کاسنگ بنیاد حضرت قبلہ مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانیؒ کے دستِ مبارک سے رکھوایا۔ علمی ودینی کاموں کوانجام دینے اورانہیں پایۂ تکمیل تک پہنچانے کے لیے حضرت مفتی صاحبؒ سے برابر صلاح ومشورہ لیتے رہتے، قدم قدم پرمفتی صاحبؒ کی رہنمائی سے استفادہ حاصل کرتے رہتے تھے۔حضرت مفتی صاحبؒ سے حضرت مولانا غلام محمد نورگتؒ کے اس قدر تعلق خصوصی اوران کی بے لوث دینی خدمات سے متاثر ہوکر مشہور علمی و دینی شخصیت حضرت مولانا ابوالحسن علی ندوی مدظلہ العالی دامت برکاتہم نے اپنی تصنیف ’حیات عبدالحئیؒ ‘میں خاص طور پراسے بیان فرمایا ہے۔ مفتی صاحبؒ کو وہ اپنا مشفق و مہربان اور بڑے بھائی کی طرح سمجھتے تھے، ان کی ہربات ماننا وہ باعث سعادت سمجھتے تھے۔حضرت مفتی صاحبؒ کی وفات کی خبرسن کر پھوٹ پھوٹ کر بچوں کی طرح رونے لگے،اس کے بعد جب بھی حضرت مفتی صاحبؒ کاکہیں ذکر ہوتاتو ان کی یاد کرتے کرتے ان کی آنکھوں سے آنسو چھلک...
The major theme of this paper is exploration of new dimensions of marketing leadership effectiveness. These dimensions are discussed in theoretical perspective but the main contribution of this research is their empirical testing. The four intellects namely business, spiritual, emotional as well as political intelligence of marketing leaders are taken for measuring marketing leadership effectiveness and their impact on change management is analysed. The data was collected from manufacturing sector of Pakistan from the marketing leaders who are involved in the process of change management through purposive sampling technique. The sample size for current study was 200. Reliability of items is checked through Cronbach’s Alpha test. Results of correlation and regression analysis of study found positive and it is concluded that four selected intellects can act as measures of marketing leadership effectiveness which help in managing change successfully in organizations. This research has significant implications for industry experts as they can judge the ability of marketing managers while assigning them leadership role after measuring the four intellects as proposed in this research. For academia point of view, researchers who are interested to measure marketing leadership effectiveness can gain insight from present research.
Anions play an important role in biology, medicine, catalysis, biomimetic receptors and the environment, but at the same time they are also considered as potentially toxic to human health at elevated concentrations. Particularly, perchlorate, dichromate and fluoride ion are highly persistent in water for decades and their exposure in humans includes ingestion of contamination through drinking water and food. In 1990 US EPA considered perchlorate as toxic material and in 1998 US EPA included perchlorate in Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) with a drinking water level upto 24.5 μg L-1. Dichromate with high solubility in water and oxidation potential exhibits carcinogenic effects on biological systems. The maximum permissible level for dichromate in potable and industrial wastewater is 0.05 mg·L-1. Flouride with concentration of >1.5 mg/L in natural water causes dental and skeletal fluorosis; renal and neuronal disorders Therefore, there is essential need of treatment of wastewater containing hazardous anions from aqueous environment to reduce the health risk. In the field of separation science, the calix[4]arene platform displays interesting organizing properties for the building of various ligating sites to recognize various species including cations, anions and neutral molecules. Our study is concerned with the design and synthesis of different calix[4]arene based materials, efficient for the removal of anions mainly perchlorate, dichromate and flouride ion present in water by optimizing different parameters. In the first part of study, the synthesis of two new calixarene based polymeric resins (Resin-4 and Resin-5) were conducted and characterized by different analytical techniques, i.e. TGA, FT-IR and elemental analyses. The synthesized resins were used for the selective removal of perchlorate. Results showed that the Resin-4 and Resin-5 have perchlorate removal efficiency from aqueous media. The isotherm models, breakthrough curves, kinetic and thermodynamic studies further confirm the experimental results. The maximum adsorption of perchlorate could be achieved at low pH. During the second part of study dichromate adsorption by synthesized compound and resins were carried out. The liquid and solid phase extraction methods have been applied to ascertain the extraction efficiency of both the calix[4]arene derivative and the resin. Analysis of experimental data has been carried out by log-log plot analyses and the determination of characteristic parameters of each isotherm model such as Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R). The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters concluded that the resin has good capability to efficiently remove dichromate from aqueous media. Finally the third part of our study demonstrates a comparative equilibrium study of calix[4]arene based chitosan (Resin-3) and Ambelite XAD-4 (Resin-4) towards fluoride ion. In batch experiments different parameters were optimized such as pH, dosage and concentration to evaluate the adsorption efficiency. Maximum % adsorption (i.e 98% and 96 % for Resin-3 and Resin-4 respectively) was observed at pH 8.7 with 50 mg of each resin in 60 minutes time. Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R), Temkin and Flory-Huggins equilibrium isotherms were used to validated the experimental data. The results show that Langmiur and D-R isotherms best fit to experimental data for Resin-3 and Resin-4 as compared to other isotherms models. The maximum adsorption capacity of Resin-3 and Resin-4 was observed as 1.0175 mol g-1.and 1.2097 mol g-1, respectively. The results show that the synthesized calixarene based materials have desired properties for the removal of anions from aqueous media as compared to other reported materials. The analytical work will be beneficial in terms of public health safety, laboratory and industrial application.