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Exploring Pre-Service Teachers Motivation for Joining the Teaching Profession in Karachi, Pakistan

Thesis Info

Author

Ijaz, Nida

Department

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Program

Mphil

Institute

Aga Khan University

Institute Type

Private

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728078827

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Teacher recruitment and retention remains an important concern, as not many people make teaching a profession of choice, which results in teacher shortage. The teacher shortage worldwide has given mount to conduct studies on pre-service teachers' motivations for joining teaching career. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate pre-service teachers' motivation for joining the teaching profession and their perception about teaching. Furthermore, it explored the association between the motivational factors and the perception constructs. It also compared the pre-service teachers' motivation across the selected demographic variables (i.e. prior qualification and achievement grades in higher secondary). Using a cross-sectional survey, Factors Influencing Teaching Choice (FIT-Choice) scale was directly administered to 220 pre-service teachers enrolled in B.Ed. (lions) programme in Karachi, which were recruited from six teacher education institutes. Results revealed that the pre-service teachers highly considered teaching a sacred profession which would help them to promote peace and harmony through teaching (religious motives). Further, the desire to influence the next generation by providing service to society was also an important factor for the pre-service teachers in joining the teaching profession (social utility value). On the other hand, they reported to choose teaching as a last resort career (fallback career). The pre-service teachers perceived teaching as highly demanding (task demand) with moderate return in salary and status (task return) and they exhibited a relatively higher level satisfaction with their choice of profession. A positive relationship was found between the intrinsic career value (r=0.62, p<0.001) and perceived ability (r=0.61, p<0.001) to satisfaction with choice. Contrarily, a negative association p<0.01) was observed between the intrinsic career value and social dissuasion. Comparison across prior academic qualification revealed that the arts group preservice teachers were more intrinsically motivated (intrinsic career value) than their science group counterparts (p<0.01). Further, the low achieving pre-service teachers reported to have more positive outlook for the teaching profession by scoring significantly higher on religious motive (p<0.05), intrinsic career value (p<0.001), social utility value (p< 0.001), ability (p<0.001) and personal utility value (p<0.01) as compared to the high achievers. Interestingly, fallback career (p<0.05) was relatively rated high by the pre-service teachers falling in the category of high achievers as compared to mediocre and low achievers. The study provides insights to the teacher educators for counselling their students about their future aspiration and opportunities pertaining to the field of teaching. The tool adapted can be a valuable addition to the contextual literature which can
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مرشد دا پیار

مُرشد دا پیار
(آنحضور قبلہ صوفی محمد اصغر سائیں آف جہلم والوں کی یاد میں جب آپ نے ہیڈ جالوالہ پر مور پالے ہوئے تھے )

موراں والیا سائیاں وے
تیتھوں جند کراں قربان
ہر دم تیریاں لوڑاں وے
توں ایں میرا مان تران

تیرے باہجھوں چین نہ آئوندا
ہر ویلے پیا دل گھبرائوندا
ویکھ لواں جے تینوں آئوندا
آوے میرے جثے جان

تیریاں راہواں پئی تکاواں
یاد کراں تے دل بہلاواں
بھلدیاں نہیں سجناں اوہ تھانواں
جتھے دلبر ملدے ہان

جس دم یار نے جھاتی پائی
میل دلے وچ رہی ناں کائی
بھاندے دل نوں بُوٹے کائی
جتھے وسدا بھٹی خان

تیرے موراں چال نیاری
ویکھو چلدے بنھ قطاری
جاندے نیں دل میرا ٹھاری
نالے دل میرا پرچان

موراں نوں میں چوگاں پاواں
نالے کر دی رہواں دعاواں
قادریؔ دی کرو معاف خطاواں
لکھ واری جاواں قربان

مظاهر فعل التنمية المستدامة لدى المقاولة المغربية: حالة المقاولة الفوسفاطية

شكلت القمّة العالمية الثالثة المنعقدة بجوهانسبورغ سنة 2002 نقطة تحول أساسية في المسار التاريخي للتنمية، حيث حضرته، ولأول مرة، المقاولات والمنظمات غير الحكومية ONG، ليضعها المؤتمر أمام مسؤولياتها التاريخية تجاه التنمية المستدامة. وينطلق هذا البحث من الأسئلة التالية: كيف تفاعلت المقاولة المغربية مع مفهوم التنمية المستدامة، وكيف وظفته في استراتيجياتها؟ ومن خلال نتائج التحليل نستنتج أن ما تروج له المقاولة الفوسفاطية، من خلال مديرية التنمية المستدامة، من كون المقاولة مسؤولة اجتماعيا يبقى مجرد "دعاية مستدامة" موجهة للسوق العالمية من أجل خدمة "استراتيجية الريادة الصناعية"، وأن عدم تحمل المقاولة لمسؤوليتها الاجتماعية والأخلاقية تجاه محيطها، أنتج مفارقة "مقاولة تنجح في محيط يفشل".

Resource Allocation Among Consumption, Labour Supply, Human Capital, Social Capital and Religious Human Capital:

This study is an attempt to find more and diversified areas of resource allocation and the factors affecting decision making of individuals in this regard. An individual’s allocation of resources (time and money) depends on economics, social, demographic, religious and environmental variables. Study extends some earlier work to the analysis of individual’s utility maximization out of available budget of money and time by allocation into five activities namely; consumption, labor supply, human capital, social capital and religious human capital. The cost (marginal cost) of investment in human capital, social capital and religious human capital is incurred in one and the same period and returns from human capital, social capital and religious human capital are accrued in next period. All types of capital are relational to each other. The path of wage rate is determined by the variables human capital, social capital and religious human capital. Similarly behavior of time allocation to labor supply also depends on time allocation to social capital and religious activities in addition to its complementarity with time allocated to consumption. Our mathematical results imply that in equilibrium marginal returns in future from investment of time in human capital, social capital and religious human are equal. So equilibrating process imply that allocation of time between human capital, social capital and religious human capital will be readjusted until the returns from all types of capital are equalized. The study presents a social capital matrix to explain that social capital accumulates in one or more than one dimension and in different forms. Such a matrix can show how a variety of reciprocal relations, mutual exchanges and social infrastructure exists and interacts. Some of our empirical results are contrary to studies pertaining to conventional economics or the economics of religion and others support newly developed Divine Economics Framework. While some results are exclusively innovative with regards the role of religious stock as an externality to determine resource allocation. The stock of religious human capital in a household affects individual to make decision regarding resource (time and money) allocation to make investment in consumption, labor supply, human capital, social capital, and religious human capital.