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Home > Dichotomy and Controversies of 20Th Century Orientalists on Sīrah An Analytical Study .

Dichotomy and Controversies of 20Th Century Orientalists on Sīrah An Analytical Study .

Thesis Info

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Author

Khaqan, Muhammad

Supervisor

Muhammad Arif Nadeem

Program

PhD

Institute

Minhaj University Lahore

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Islamic Studies

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9710/1/Muhammad_Khaqan_Islamic_Studies_2017_MU_Lahore_Main%20part.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676728104774

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‘Dichotomy and Controversies of 20th Century Orientalists on Sīrah’ is an untouched topic. The researcher has discussed it in seven chapters. The first chapter consists of the Introduction to the Holy Prophet of Islam (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The controversies and dichotomy of the orientalists with respect to Prophet’s ancestors, childhood and prophethood, are highlighted in the first chapter. Objections raised by the orientalists are narrated in the second chapter. The rejection of the objections of the orientalists by Eastern Christians, Jews, Hindus and Sikhs are also mentioned here. After the proclamation of Prophethood, the Muslims were forced to migrate to Abyssinia. Some orientalists raised some questions on the migration to Abyssinia due to adverse circumstances but some other Western scholars rejected accusations leveled against emigrants, in the third chapter. The fourth chapter comprises the Holy Prophet’s (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stature as a statesman. The Charter of Madina, Brotherhood between the Emigrants and Helpers, Treaties with the Jews, Christians and Idolaters, were the constitutional infrastructure of the city state of Madina. Objections were raised by a band of orientalists but another band alluded that no malafide intentions have been found against the Prophet given system. In chapter five war strategy of Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has been discussed. Orientalists recognize the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) as a successful commander, services of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) were free of cost. War strategy was for creating peace in the state and outside in the entire world. Orientalists objected that Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was trying to 5 get power and pelf by the use of sword. It was an aggression against non- Muslims. After objections, rejection is clear against these objections. In rejection the orientalists say that no aggression has been made on the part of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Great tolerance has been shown by the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Crucial enmity changed into tolerance and brotherhood. No massacre has been made by the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his companions during the course of the conquest of Makkah. Chapter six is on conjugal system of Islam. Polygamy has been discussed in the light of the Holy Qur’ān and Hadīth. The Orientalists raised objections on the plural marriages of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). These objections have been repudiated vehemently. Some orientalists eulogized the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). In the end, the eulogy of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) by orientalists has been discussed who recognized him as a man of sublime character and one with whom there was no complaint of his family women. Chapter seven consists of conclusion of the research work. Gist of the thesis has been complied respectively as compared to the summary of the work. It is one of the short story of the research work for the kind perusal of the readers thereof.
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تنقید کا یونانی اور لاطینی دور

تنقید:
تنقید عربی زبان کا لفظ ہے۔جس کے معنی جانچنا، پرکھنا ، کھرے اور کھوٹے کو الگ کرنا ہیں۔
تنقیدکی ضرورت و اہمیت:
تنقید کا سلسلہ تخلیق آدم سے شروع ہوا۔ جب اللہ تعالی نے حضرت آدم ؑ کو پید اکیا تو فرشتوں نے اللہ سے گزارش کہ کہ یہ انسان دنیا میں جاکر فساد اور لڑائی جھگڑے کرے گا۔ اس کی تخلیق کی ضرورت کیوں پیش آئی؟عبادت کے لیے تو ہم کافی ہیں۔ اس کی تخلیق پر نظر ثانی کی جائے۔اللہ نے فرشتوں کوغرض تخلیق آدم? سے آگاہ کیا۔سب سے پہلے آدمؑ پر تنقید کی گئی یعنی تخلیق پر تنقید ہوئی۔
نقاد بھی اسی دن پیدا ہوگیا تھا جس دن پہلی تخلیق ہوئی تھی۔اس حوالے سے پہلا شخص سقراط تھا۔ اس سے فلسفے کی بنیاد پڑی۔اس نے اپنے ہاتھ سے کچھ نہیں لکھا لیکن اس کی باتوں کو اس کے شاگرد افلاطون نے مکالمے کی شکل میں لکھا اور اس کتاب کا نام" مکالمات افلاطون"ہے۔اس کتاب میں زندگی کے تمام موضوعات پر بات کی گئی ہے۔ اس میں ایک مثالی ریاست کے موضوع پر بھی بات کی گئی ہے۔یوں ہم کہہ سکتے ہیں کہ تنقید کی ابتداء یونان سے ہوئی۔
بوطیقا ارسطو کی کتاب ہے۔ بوطیقا میں ارسطو نے نقل، فطرت، شاعری کی اصل، شاعری کی اقسام، المیہ کے اصول وغیرہ پر بحث کی ہے اور شاعری کا ایک آفاقی نظریہ پیش کیا ہے۔ ’’نقل‘‘ جمالیات کی ایک بنیادی اصطلاح ہے۔ ارسطو اس لفظ کا اطلاق شاعری پر کرتا ہے۔ پروفیسر بوچر کے الفاظ میں ارسطو کے ہاں نقل کا مطلب ہے حقیقی خیال کے مطابق تخلیق کرنا اور خیال کے معنی ہیں اشیا کی اصل جو عالم مثال میں موجود ہے، جس کی ناقص نقلیں اس دنیا میں نظرآتی ہیں۔ عالم حواس کی ہر شے عالم مثال کی نقل ہے۔
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Stability Analysis of Rice Recombinant Inbred Lines for Grain Yield

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