Knowledge is the only mean of transformation towards betterment. Quran has emphasised the significance of acquiring knowledge. The Prophet (P.B.U.H) enlightened this world with divine guidance to transform this world from the clutches of immoralities and sins to pinnacle of piety and ethic via education. He has set an example for others to follow. As regards Sub-Continent, it has experienced different governments and system of education. This thesis is all about Muslim Educational System that prevailed in the Sub-Continent from Mughal Empire and onwards. Zaheer uddin Babar was the founder of Mughal Dynasty in the Sub-Continent who established own scheme of education. He introduced Persian, Arabic and Turkish languages on official basis besides establishing religious institutions to study Quran and Sunnah. His son Humayun also concentrated on education. Akbar being the potent monarch of the Sub-Continent instituted many secular institutions as well to please his Hindu subjects. He was also a great advocate of technical education. Moreover, Aurangzeb Alamgir endeavoured to highlight education. Aurangzeb and his daughters were gems of knowledge. Aurangzeb tried to proclaim the words of Allah eliminating anti-Islamic practices. After the downfall of the Mughal Empire, East India Company ushered in the sub-continent formalizing its own schemes of education to prolong its seizure in the Sub-Continent. During this regime, Shah Waliullah foresaw the ravages of the East India Company’s policy. So, he worked harder to wake up Muslims of the Sub-Continent. So, they could rectify their shortcomings and strive to acquire path of solidarity. Similarly, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan paved the way for renaissance in the Muslims via highlighting the significance of modern education. He did exclaim to have modern institutions for Muslims of the Sub-Continent. So, Muslims could compete with Hindus in all walks of life. Maulana Qasim Nanotvi via his orthodox dogmas exhumed defunct Muslims’ moral values embedding with Islamic Shariah. He envisaged Darul Uloom Deoband, a training galaxy of savants to spread Islamic essence further. Allama Shibli Naumani amalgamated western and orthodox education in Nadvatul Ulma Luknow. After inception of Pakistan, University of Cambridge introduced its ‘O’ and ‘A’ system in Pakistan. This system has overtaken urban areas of Pakistan creating a benchmark in the field of education. It facilitated thousands of students of Pakistan to excel in their exams challenging world. They cherish to enjoy the fruits of this superb system par excellence. In short, this thesis details comprehensive study of the educational system and remedies to improve educational system of Pakistan.
ڈاکٹر سید عبداﷲ ڈاکٹر سید عبداﷲ ۱۴؍ اگست ۱۹۸۶ء کو لاہور میں اس عالم فانی کو چھوڑ کر عالم جاودانی کو سدھارے، اس خبر کو سن کر دل کو ویسی ہی چوٹ لگی جیسے اپنے خاندان کے کسی عزیز فرد کی دائمی جدائی سے لگ سکتی تھی، ان کی رحلت سے علم و ادب کی ایک زمردیں مسند خالی ہوگئی، وہ علمی حلقوں میں عربی زبان کے قدر شناس، فارسی شعر و ادب کے رمز شناس، اردو کے عناصر خمسہ اور شعراء کے اداشناس، علامہ محمد اقبال کے جوہر شناس، اور اپنی نظر و فکر کے نکتہ شناس کی حیثیت سے یاد کیے جائیں گے، پاکستان میں اردو کو قومی زبان بنانے میں شاہین اور عقاب بن کر جس طرح جھپٹے، پلٹے اور پلٹ کر جھپٹے، اس کی یادیں بھی لوگوں کے دلوں کو گرماتی رہیں گی، ان کی تصانیف سے یونیورسٹی کے اساتذہ نے اردو کے ادیبوں اور شاعروں کو سمجھ کر جس طرح طلبہ کو سمجھایا، اس کی عنبریں یادیں بھی زریں حروف سے لکھی جائیں گی، اور پھر انسائیکلوپیڈیا آف اسلام کی تکمیل کر کے لوگوں کی دیرینہ آرزوؤں کے ریگ زار کو جس طرح شاداب مرغزار بنادیا، اس کی یادوں کے کنول بھی ہمیشہ کھلے رہیں گے، اور کس کو اس سے انکار ہوسکتا ہے کہ وہ علم و فن کے سیاروں میں عطارد بن کررہے، اور ساٹھ ۶۰ سال کی علمی خدمت کے بعد اسی حیثیت سے رخصت ہوئے۔ میری یادوں کی شبستان میں وہ اس طرح دکھائی دیں گے کہ وہ مجھ سے مل رہے ہیں، گلے لگارہے ہیں، اور کہہ رہے ہیں کہ میں تو اپنے کو مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ کا فرزند معنوی سمجھتا ہوں، ان ہی کی تحریروں سے تحقیق کرنا سیکھا ہے، میں تم سے ملتا ہوں تو محسوس کرتا ہوں کہ سگے بھائی سے مل رہا...
Family is the only institution where the nations are built. Basic moral values are also taught by the family. Manners, ethics and moral values has great importance in islam. That’s why Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) was sent to uphold and uplift ethical values. Being the role model for humanity in all affairs, seerah of Muhammad (PBUH) also provides guidance how to teach ethics and moral values in a family system. This paper will highlight the Prophetic method of teaching ethics and moral values in a family setup.
A series of novel and biologically potent organometallic complexes using Nheterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), cephalosporin derivatives, quinolilone derivatives, vitamins and antiviral molecules as ligands has been synthesized. The geometry of the synthesized ligands and their metal adducts are done through state of the art spectral tools like NMR (1H, 11B, 19F) UV/Visible and FT-IR. It is confirmed through these spectral studies that in the NHCs the metal is bonded through the active carbine side while in other classes metal is bonded through either oxygen or through nitrogen in some cases. After synthesizing the ligand and the metals molecules are subjected to a variety of biological tests like, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, Positron emission topography and ADMET studies in order to evaluate the bio-potential of the synthesized molecules. Some of the selected compounds are screened with various microorganisms like Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria and with some fungi. The results obtained are quite impressive, it can be shown that ligands in its free state possess less activity while it is clear from the results that their activity shifts to greater extent while treated with various metals. This clearly shows that metals are responsible for the bioactivity. Further, the molecular docking study was also carried out for Tin(IV) Schiff bases complex in order to correlate the biological experimental results. As in the parent study the Tin(IV) Schiff base complexes derived from piperenol and Entecavir exhibit excellent biological results which were further confirmed through molecular docking study. For some of the molecules ADMET study was also carried out in order to check/correlate the experimental data. ADMET study also confirmed the experimental results. It can be concluded from the present study that the organometallic complexes/metal molecules can serve as potent agents in curing many diseases and may prove their role as future metal base drugs.