عصر حاضر کے تناظر میں اسلامی فلاحی ریاست کے اصول و مبادی

In every age, the state has been a better form of the congregation and an integral part of societies. There has never been a state in human history that has introduced so many social reforms in a short period of time as Madina State did in a short period of time. That is why the state of Madina will remain a role model for all states established until the Day of Judgment. History testifies that as long as Islamic states followed this role model, their contemporary states continued to envy on their social, economic and military position. But unfortunately, the decline of the Muslim Ummah reached the peak by the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the representative state of the Muslims, in the early twentieth century. But before the half-century was over, the Islamic world began to gain independence from colonial powers. By the end of the twentieth century, more than fifty Muslim countries appeared on the geography of the modern world, but their flags were the spokesmen for colors, ethnicity, language, and region except for Pakistan. Political freedom from ideological and intellectual freedom could not be transformed by the Islamic nation’s imperialist powers Rather, the political leadership continued to work on the agenda of the West, causing many social and economic problems for the present Islamic States. The prevailing conditions of the present Islamic countries require that their rulers should re-establish their policies by making Madina state as their role model. The following article presents a golden outline of the welfare state, which will help to make the current Islamic state a welfare state.

Characterization of Honey Bee by Product Propolis As an Antimicrobial and Nutraceutical Agent in Food Applications

In present study, locally available honey bee propolis was characterized for its various physicochemical, antimicrobial properties and nutraceutical behaviour using animal modelling system for food applications. The compositional analysis depicted a higher content of ether extract along with mineral elements (K, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) in variable amounts. Propolis extract using ethanol and methanol (65%, 80% & 95%) and water quantified for total phenolic contents (TPC) and characterized using HPLC. Antioxidant (DPPH activity, Beta-carotene assay) potential of the extracts was also evaluated. Ethanol extract (65%) propolis exhibited higher total polyphenols (327.30±14.89mg/gGAE) and better antioxidant potential (60.59±4.38%) and indicated maximum zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (22.19±0.61mm) followed by Bacillus subtilis (26.37±0.31mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (29.18±1.13mm) followed by methanol extract (65%) for the same parameters. Functional propolis based drinks remained acceptable for two months of storage period when subjected to compositional analyses and sensory evaluation. Bio-evaluation based on the composition of diets given to rats: [study-I (normal diet), study-II (high sucrose diet), study-III (high cholesterol diet)] exhibited considerable increase in feed, drink intake and weight gain whereas, decreased hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycaemia. A pronounced decrease (p≤0.05) in serum glucose concentration and increase (p≤0.05) in insulin level was noticed in the ethanol extract drink while keeping liver and kidney functioning tests within normal values. It is deduced from the present exploration that locally available propolis possess significant antimicrobial properties against foodborne pathogens, antioxidant potential and hence may be considered for food applications during food product development to encourage diet based therapies ultimately promoting health management.