پاکستانی معاشرہ اور تعلیمات قرآنی میں بعد

In spite of the fact that Pakistan is an Islamic Republic, 97% of the population is Muslim and majority of it is considered sentimently staunch Muslims; it is a fact that society is not familiar and closely attached with Quranic injunctions. There are many reasons for that such as custom of teaching Quran Nazira (reciting Quran without understanding), Arabic language is not part of curriculum and when it is taught in DiniMadaris, it is taught in boring Grammar Method relying on memorization. Quran is not taught in modern schools, colleges and universities and lower social status of Quran teachers etc. It is absolutely necessary that teaching Quran with comprehension and understanding is given due importance by Ulama, governments and Muslim society at large. It should be made integral part of curriculum in modern schools and universities. Status of Quran/Arabic teachers should be elevated and Arabic language should be taught in an attractive method;  and other necessary measures are taken to make Quran ‘talk of the town’ so that every Muslim understands it and acts upon its injunctions.

Creeping Flow Through Porous Slit With Application to Renal Tubule

In this thesis, the creeping flow of linearly viscous (Newtonian) fluid through a porous slit is studied with various forms of reabsorption across the walls. These reabsorptions include the types, where the transverse velocity across the walls, remains fixed, varies linearly, periodically, hyperbolically and exponentially. The transport equations are exactly solved in term of stream function using the inverse method with the appropriate boundary conditions. Dimensional forms of stream function, velocity components, pressure distribution, flow rate, pressure drop, fractional reabsorption, wall shear stress and leakage flux are obtained. Using the physiological data of rat kidney available in the literature, the quantitative values of uniform, linear, periodic, hyperbolic and exponential parameters for 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% fractional reabsorption are tabulated. The effects of these parameters are studied graphically using dimensionless quantities. Further, the comparisons of uniform reabsorption across the walls with linear, periodic, hyperbolic and exponential reabsorptions across the walls are highlighted. It is observed that the obtained theoretical results provide a good foundation and specialist knowledge in the field of bio-mathematics, especially, in analyzing the behavior of glomerular filtrate during the process of reabsorption through the renal tubule in normal and pathological conditions.