عصر حاضر میں بین المذاہب ہم آہنگی کی ضرورت و اہمیت

The enmity and differences among nations have risen along with the increasing distances among people. Therefore, the need of hour is to develop the spirit of harmony and understanding among the followers of revealed religions. The Messengers and Prophets were designated by Allah to promote and promulgate, justice, tolerance, love and harmony among His creations. Islam is a religion based on characteristics of peace, love, respect, tolerance, dignity and denial of extremism, which are in the contemporary world ideal for interaction among nations. Islam teaches to respect all the religions and prophets to maintain and sustain the peace and harmony. The advanced technology of modern world and inventions demand intense responsibility to maintain and enhance the better human relations in Political, Social, Economic, Religious, and Cultural spheres of life. The present article envisions all those dimensions, which are essential for interfaith harmony.

الکامات العربیۃ العربیۃ المشقدمۃ فی اللغۃ البولندیۃ

It is a common matter among many languages of the world that a language has an influence on one another, the same as phenomenon of linguistic borrowings is present in all languages and will be as long as different languages and contacts, direct or indirect, between their speakers exist. The term of "linguistic borrowing", according to linguists, means borrowing a word from a donor language, adaptation of this word and incorporating it into a recipient language. Therefore, in Polish language we find 845 words which have been borrowed from Arabic and entered into Polish language indirectly through other languages, such as: French, Spanish or Turkish, or directly through contacts between Arabs and Poles. At first glance at history of Poland and the Arab world it seems there is no cultural or linguistic link between them, nevertheless, in Polish language there are many lexical borrowings from Arabic which have been incorporated since 14th century through trade contacts, wars and settlement of Tatars in Poland. The research study which examines the link between these two languages is very rare due to Poles' lack of proficiency in Arabic, as well as Arabs' lack of proficiency in Polish. That is why, the need of creating a scientific research that describes the process of lexical borrowings from Arabic to Polish language, presents examples of such borrowings and explains the way of their entry into Polish, emerged in my mind. I believe that this research study titled "Arabic words used in Polish language (analytical and semantic study)" is going to be useful for Arab readers to make them realize the link between both languages, as well as it is going to be beneficial for linguists and researchers from both cultures and helpful for students of Arabic and Polish language in understanding the effect which Arabic had on forming Polish language. Linguists of Polish language do not take the issue of Arabic words used in Polish very often. The main Polish linguist who put a lot of effort into examining this topic in detail is Dr. Waclaw Przemyslaw Turek, the orientalist of Jagiellonski. University in Cracow, Poland. He wrote few articles about the adaptation of words borrowed from Arabic and incorporated into Polish language and a dictionary called "Slownik zapoZyczen pochodzenia arabskiego w polszczyinie". (Translation: Dictionary of Arabic loanwords used in Polish language) which is the main source of information on this particular topic in my research. This research study examines the words which have been borrowed from Arabic and are used till now in Polish language in an analytical and semantic way, presents the direct or indirect way of their entry into Polish, shows examples of lexical borrowings from Arabic into Polish with the indication of an Arabic origin word and explains the historical aspect of an adaptation of the borrowed word if known.