مشاركة المسلم في الأعمال السياسية بالبلاد غير الإسلامية وحكمها

In this paper, the question of the participation of the resident Muslim in the foreign countries in politics and its rulings and the statement of some issues that are presented to the Muslim, such as: to elect, run or participate in political parties and other issues related to this topic. And also, tried to study the views of the scholars, and presented them and their attitudes, evidence in them, compared with them. The modern world has witnessed phenomena, which is not hidden to every sane person, which was, the Muslim participation in the political activities in the non-Muslim countries. The importance of this research paper is clear because it reveals the meaning of the political concept in the Holy Quran and prophetic tradition, which made the researcher in the attempt to legalize the matter in this regard and to summarize the statements of ancient and contemporary scholars based on their arguments and evidences. The study concluded That the participation in politics activities non-Muslims societies does not fall within the scope of the doctrine originally, since no one doubts in the doctrine of Muslims that it is not permissible to resort to the tyrant and not to judge except with Allah almighty revealed rules and regulations, and when this doctrine disappears or enter doubt of any act of apostasy and disbelief, which is not satisfied by any sound Muslim at this very moment that falls into haram category. At the end conclusion is drawn from variant views of the scholars, and the main findings and recommendations have been given.

An Investigation into the Perception of Students of Virtual University Regarding the Use of Ebrary in Their Academic Activities

This research work was carried out to know the perception of students of Virtual University regarding the use of ebrary in their academic activities. The study also focused about the usage and practices of ebrary of VU students in four different programs. The research work also covered the problems faced by VU students and suggested measures for better performance of VU ebrary. The research was limited to the students of four programs of Virtual University of Pakistan, including Mathematics, Education, Business Administration and Computer Science. Out of 5078 post graduate students, a sample size of 357 was selected through convenient sampling technique by employing the sample size calculator from creative research system survey software. A questionnaire was used to collect data which was organized in a tabulation form. The response in each item was given using a Likert type of scale. The data was analyzed according to objectives of the study. There were five scales on the questionnaire (1 to 5). Frequency and percentage of each scale (Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree) against each statement was calculated. The consolidated mean score for each objective was also calculated from the rating of students. The data was tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic on SPSS independent sample. One-way ANOVA used to measure the significant difference between perception and usage of E library. The results revealed that there is no significant difference between usage and perception of ebrary between students of different programs in Virtual University. Findings revealed that students? perception and usage of ebrary is on the positive side because they perceive it as been useful in their academic activities however, some students have lack of proficiency, but their percentage is below average. Awareness and orientation sessions can be arranged for the students to increase the usage of ebrary among VU students. The system of ebrary may be made easy and simple in use so that distance learners can be benefitted. Students and faculty suggestions for improvement of ebrary may be taken time to time and incorporated for better use of ebrary.