انمول قائد
بس تو کتنا انمول ہے ……بھٹو صاحب نے ڈی ایس پی راولپنڈی کی طرف دیکھا اور پوچھا ’’میرا نا م کیا ہے ‘‘ڈی سی نے جواب دیا ’’سر آپ ذوالفقار علی بھٹو ہیں ‘‘اور بھٹو صاحب نے پوچھا میرے والد کا کیا نام تھا ۔ڈی سی نے جواب دیا ’’سر ان کا نام سر شاہ نواز بھٹو تھا ‘‘اور بھٹو نے کہا قابض جنرل کا کیا نام ہے ۔ڈی ایس پی نے جواب دیا ’’جنرل ضیاء الحق ‘‘بھٹو صاحب بولے ’’تو اب اس قابض جنرل کے والدکا نام بتا ئو ‘‘ڈی ایس پی نے ادب سے عرض کیا ’’سر میں نہیں جانتا ‘‘بھٹو صاحب بولے ’’اور تم یہ چاہتے ہو کہ سر شاہ نواز بھٹو کا بیٹا ذوالفقار علی بھٹو کسی نامعلوم مولوی حق کے قابض بیٹے جنرل ضیاء الحق سے بھیک مانگے ۔
سلیوٹ فار فائونڈر آف اٹامک پاکستان
سیلوٹ فار فائونڈر آف مسلم نیشنز یونیٹی
سیلوٹ فار فائونڈر آف اسلامک ورلڈ بنک
سیلوٹ فار بھٹو
This article exposes Updike’s use of the Qur’anic verses in his novel Terrorist. Apparently, the writer wants to investigate a Muslim terrorist’s mind, which causes him to launch deadly attacks against the American people. However, the results of Updike’s investigation are problematic and subjective. Updike seems to be a new Orientalist who manipulates the Qur’anic scripture to assert his mastery, neutrality and intolerance of Islam for non-believers. It proves that his presentation of Islam is based on stereotyped myths and lies. The narrator claims that the protagonist “Ahmad”, under the guidance of his religious teacher Sheikh Ahmed, inspired by the irrational and suppressed tone of the Qur’an, commits a suicide attack at Lincoln Tunnel but in the end, he is persuaded by his Jewish- school- councilor to discard this idea. Conclusively, it sounds that Updike fails to detach himself from his characters and misuses the Qur’anic verses to defend his pre-supposed ideology against Islam.
Mathematical models play an important role to understand the spread, per sistence and prevention mechanism of infectious diseases. In this thesis, we present some mathematical models and their analysis on the dynamics of Tuberculosis (TB) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Firstly, we develop these models with classical integer-order derivative and present a detailed qualita tive analysis including, existence and stability of the equilibria, sensitivity of the model parameters and the existence of the bifurcation phenomena. The threshold quantity also called the basic reproduction numberR0 is presented for each model that shows the disease persistence or elimination for their par ticular cases. Further, we develop some suitable optimal control strategies which would be useful for public health department and other health agen cies, in order to reduce and eradicate TB and HBV from the community. The reported TB infected cases in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, for the period 2002-2017 are used to parameterize the proposed TB model and an excellent agreement is shown with the field data. The models are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta order four (RK4) method and numerous nu merical simulations carried out to illustrate the disease dynamics and some of the theoretical results. Mathematical models with fractional differential equations (FDEs) are more realistic and provide comparatively better fit to the real data instead of integer order models. Moreover, FDEs possess the memory effect which plays an essential role in the spreading of a disease. Therefore, the second main mathematical findings of this thesis is that we extend the proposed models using fractional order derivatives considering three different fractional xvi operators namely; Caputo, Caputo-Fabrizio and Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo operators. The proposed fractional models are analyzed rigorously and solved numerically using fractional Adams-Bashforth scheme. The graphical results reveal that the models with fractional derivatives give useful and biologically more feasible consequences.