یہ عشق میں نہ سوچ، تُجھے کیا نہیں ملا
ہے کر لیا، تو خاک میں اپنی جبیں ملا
ہم راہ دیکھتے ہی رہے جس کی عمر بھر
آیا وہ شہر میں بھی تو ہم سے نہیں ملا
بچپن میں دل کی بستی میں رہتے تھے کتنے لوگ
دیکھا شباب میں تو فقط اک مکیں ملا
اگلے جہاں کے عہد پہ ہم کو دیا ہے ٹال
کم بخت ہم کو وہ تو بلا کا ذہیں ملا
کہتے رہے تھے یار جسے ہم تمام عمر
اک دن عدو کی بزم میں وہ نازنیں ملا
گر یاں دیا نہ تُو نے تو نہ لوں گا حشر میں
یارب اسے اگر ہے ملانا، یہیں ملا
Hydro politics is the modern term for water issues. Every country wishes to protect its sweet water resources, especially those that have difficulties with rivers that run through more than one country. Water is required for the survival of over 180 species. This study is center on the importance of water to all living things, including humans, as well as to countries and their economies. The conflicts and treaties are also covered in the area of study on hydro-politics on the river Jhelum between India and Pakistan. Both countries have fought wars over water more than once, and if the water distribution issue can handle peacefully then their relationship may improve. The Jhelum River began in the disputed area of Jammu and Kashmir and flows through Pakistan and meets the Indus River. The distribution of Jhelum water was settled by the Indus Water Treaty in 1960, but India's repeated breaches made it a problem between the two neighboring states and one of the reasons for conflict between them. The research's main goal is to not only examine the causes of conflict but also to predict how it will be resolved in the future.
The topic of this dissertation is to evaluate historic and linguistic aspects of Urdu language (covering from Deccan Era to 20th century). The dissertation is divided into seven chapters to grasp and comprehend it well. These seven chapters are the reflection of poetry and prose which emerged under the influence of proclivity and concoction of renowned language and literature because it is intended to observe how conception and comprehension of language inspire human intellect, behavior and action. It also reveals that how by passing through evolutionary changes creativity and comprehension bring about maturity and stability in civilization and literature and under the influence of these changes what does a society expresses. In first chapter 'Urdu language of Deccan Era' is briefly evaluated. As Urdu language, its growth and its publication started from Deccan and then it got the status of official language. Moreover, how the poet of Deccani Wali covered the journey of tradition and proclivity for the poets of the North India. It is almost the tale of the changes of the Urdu language and literature. Its brief sketch has been presented. In second chapter salient features and motives which ornamented poetry (covering from Wali to Dagh) which inspired language and mode of poetry and appointed specific style and trend is considered. The poetry which is written under impact of these motives and became representative of that particular literary period is evaluated. In third chapter prose (covering from Insha to Mirza Ghalib) is considered the characteristic language and contemporary prose of that age along with changes of construction and composition in different periods are also discussed. Fourth chapter is a review of prose written under the influence of Fort Willium College regarding its diction and philological aspects. So that it will be revealed how Urdu language developed till 20th century. Chapter five throws light on the services of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and his cohort, who worker for Urdu to expand its criterion. Sixth chapter cover the changes in language and topics in Urdu poetry and prose in 20' - century. Moreover the changes brought about by the harmony of language inclinations with requisition of modern era are narrated. Seventh chapter collaborates collective and brief review of Urdu language and literature. I: presents alternate side of Urdu language and literature by covering its all prospects. In the end references which were helpful in preparation of this dissertation are given.