مسؤولية المجتمع في معالجة البطالة على سبيل الوجوب في ضوء السنة

The phenomenon of unemployment is one of the problems, which affects the development of individuals and society. Total unemployment or underemployment may be permanent or temporary. Its negative and damaging effects lay an everlasting result especially in times of economic recession. The importance of this study is to explore the role of individual, and methods of solution in the light of Sunnah. Hadith and Sunnah clearly mark the virtues of work and its value and positive impact on the community. Thus we see the greatness of our religion in this concern for human beings and preserving their dignity, and to find ways to ensure decent life, where there is neither no vacuum, nor unemployment.

Abrogation and Appropriation in Selected Novels of Chinua Achebe And Jamaica Kincaid

Abrogation and Appropriation in Selected Novels of Chinua Achebe And Jamaica Kincaid The research was designed to find out abrogation and appropriation, concepts of postcolonial theory, in the novels, Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe and, Annie John and A Small Place by Jamaica Kincaid. The study also aimed at determining whether abrogation and appropriation become theoretical bases of the novels or not. Moreover, it was meant for knowing the extent to which these two writers have successfully incorporated abrogation and appropriation in their works delimited for the study. Qualitative technique, which relates to or involves comparisons based on qualities of the text of the works, was used for content analysis in the research. The texts of the three novels were deeply studied to search out the various techniques of twisting and subverting language, utilized by the writers, to convey their message of protest in suppressed voice as well as acerbic tone, in postcolonial context. Postcolonial writers reduced Standard English to interior dialect, “english” to record their protest. The data analysis reflects that these writers have great mastery in incorporating abrogation and appropriation in their novels taken for the study. Colonizers, wrongly, considered the people of their colonies as uncultured and backward. In the final, recommendations for future research were given for new researchers working in the area abrogation and appropriation. Through research, it has been found that the texts of these novels contain abrogation and appropriation in the context of postcolonial theory. Various techniques and methods of abrogation and appropriation have been found out during the content analysis of the texts of the selected works. However, both the writers have been found different in their styles while manipulating the Standard English to the lower degree of inferior dialect or reducing it to “english” only.