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Special Education Needs of Learning Disability Children as Perceived by Parents

Thesis Info

Author

Uzma Zaheer

Department

Department of Special Education

Institute

University of Karachi

City

Karachi

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2005

Subject

Special Education

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676728426831

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ضرب کلیم

یہ ،مجموعہ جولائی 1936 ء میں شائع ہوا۔ بال جبریل کی اشاعت کے ایک ہی سال بعد اردو کلام کا بہت سا حصہ جمع ہو گیا۔ بیماری کے باوجود شعر کے نزول کی کیفیت جاری رہتی ۔ اس کتاب میں بہت سے موضوعات ہیں۔ 183 عنوانات پر مشتمل اس مجموعہ کلام میں علیحدہ کوئی غزل نہیں ہے بلکہ درمیان میں ہی پانچ غزلیات کا عنوان دیا گیا ہے۔ کوئی طویل نظم نہیں ہے۔ بلکہ ”محراب گل افغان کے افکار“ کا عنوان دے کر 20 افکار پیش کیے گئے ہیں۔ افکار کے علاوہ پانچ موضوعات کو مرکزی حیثیت دی گئی ہے۔ (۱) اسلام اور مسلمان (۲) تعلیم و تربیت (۳) عورت (۴) ادبیات ، فنون لطیفہ اور (۵) سیاسیات مشرق و مغرب۔ سرورق پر لکھا ہے۔ ضرب کلیم یعنی ” اعلان جنگ دور حاضر کے خلاف۔ اقبال نے اپنی کتاب کے موضوع کی وضاحت کے لیے سرورق پر کبھی کچھ نہیں لکھا۔ رفیع الدین ہاشمی
لکھتے ہیں:
”یہ اقبال کا پہلا مجموعہ ہے جس کے سرورق پر انہوں نے کتاب کے نام اور
موضوع کی وضاحت کے لیے تو ضیحی الفاظ (اعلان جنگ دور حاضر کے خلاف)
درج کیے بلکہ ایک قطعے سے اس کی مزید تشریح بھی کی “(30)

علاج کے لیے بھو پال گئے تو شیش محل یا ریاض منزل میں لکھی جانے والی نظمیں بھی اس مجموعہ کلام میں شامل ہیں۔ ”ضرب کلیم“ کا مطالعہ اس بات کا منہ بولتا ثبوت ہے کہ شاعر مشرق پر شاعری کی دیوی مہربان ہے۔ حکیم الامت مرض الموت میں مبتلا ہو چکے ہیں مگر فکر وفن کا نزول جاری ہے۔

ملامح البديع و البيان في آيات سورة الرحمن

The term “Balãgha” is used in Arabic literature. The word Balagha is derived from a root “ بلغ” (Balãgha) meaning “ to reach” and the etymology is explained by interpreting the “Balãgha” as the art of reaching the listener in attempting to convey one`s idea to him, or the art of reaching the utmost perfection in the style and content of a composition. A perfect word for the term Balagha in English literature is Rhetoric. It is the body of principles and theory having to do with the presentation of facts and ideas in clear, convincing and attractive language. The traditional aim of rhetoric was to give effectiveness to public speech. Rhetoric is a comprehensive science just as much concerned with what one could say as how one might say it. It studies the effectiveness of language comprehensively including its emotional impact as well as its propositional content. The title of my paper reflects the rhetorical aspects of the Sūrah Al-Rahmān. It is a part of the Holy Quran.

Osmotic and Ionic Effect of Naci on Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Phragmiteskarka

Salt stress is known to hamper steady state water flow which may reduce plant growth.This research was aimed to study the roles of leaf turgor, osmotic adjustment and cell wall elasticity under saline conditions which may reduce biomass production in Phragmites karka (a marsh grass). Plants were grown in 0, 100 and 300 mM NaCl and harvested on 3, 7, 15 and 30 days to observe periodic changes in growth and water relations. Leaf number, relative growth rate, and relative elongation rate were higher in the non-saline control than in the plants grown under saline conditions. Plants showed a rapid decline in leaf growth rate (7-15 days) in 300 mM NaCl compared to a delayed response (15-30 days) in 100 mM NaCl. Leaf water potential (ΨW) decreased with increases in salinity after 3rd day while osmotic potential decreased after 15th day. Low leaf turgor (Ψp) on the 3rd day indicated an initial phase of osmotic stress under saline conditions. Plants maintained higher Ψp in 0 and 100 mM than in 300 mM NaCl. Differences between mid-day and pre-dawn ΨW and water saturation deficit were higher in 300 mM NaCl than with other treatments. Water potential and hydraulic capacitance at turgor loss point decreased while bulk elastic modulus (Ɛ) increased in 300 mM NaCl. Maintenance of turgor and growth at 100 mM NaCl could be related to efficient osmotic adjustment (use of K+ and Cl-), higher water use efficiency, and lower Ɛ while poor growth at 300 mM NaCl may have been a consequence of low turgor, higher Ɛ and decreased cell hydraulic capacitance.