حدود کی تعداد
جرائم حدود کی تعداد کے سلسلے میں اہل علم میں اختلاف پایا جاتا ہے۔ ابن حجر عسقلانی کے نزدیک
" جَمْعُ حَدٍّ وَالْمَذْكُورُ فِيهِ هُنَا حَدُّ الزِّنَا وَالْخَمْرِ وَالسَّرِقَةِ وَقَدْ حَصَرَ بَعْضُ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَا قِيلَ بِوُجُوبِ الْحَدِّ بِهِ فِي سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَيْئًا فَمِنَ الْمُتَّفَقِ عَلَيْهِ الرِّدَّةُ وَالْحِرَابَةُ مَا لَمْ يَتُبْ قَبْلَ الْقُدْرَةِ وَالزِّنَا وَالْقَذْفُ بِهِ وَشُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ سَوَاءٌ أَسَكِرَ أَمْ لَا وَالسَّرِقَةُ وَمِنَ الْمُخْتَلَفِ فِيهِ جَحْدُ الْعَارِيَةِ وَشُرْبُ مَا يُسْكِرُ كَثِيرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْقَذْفُ بِغَيْرِ الزِّنَا وَالتَّعْرِيضُ بِالْقَذْفِ وَاللِّوَاطُ وَلَوْ بِمَنْ يَحِلُّ لَهُ نِكَاحُهَا وَإِتْيَانُ الْبَهِيمَةِ وَالسِّحَاقُ وَتَمْكِينُ الْمَرْأَةِ الْقِرْدَ وَغَيْرَهُ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ مِنْ وَطْئِهَا وَالسِّحْرُ وَترك الصَّلَاة تكاسلا وَالْفطر فِي رَمَضَان وَهَذَا كُلُّهُ خَارِجٌ عَمَّا تُشْرَعُ فِيهِ الْمُقَاتَلَةُ كَمَا لَوْ تَرَكَ قَوْمٌ الزَّكَاةَ وَنَصَبُوا لِذَلِكَ الْحَرْبَ "64
"ابن حجر عسقلانی نے سترہ جرائم کو حدود میں شامل کیا ہے اور گیارہ جرائم کے متعلق اتفاق ظاہر کیا ہے کہ یہ حدود میں شامل ہیں جو کہ مند رجہ ذیل ہیں ۔ زنا ، قذف ، سرقہ ، بغاوت، شراب نوشی، ارتداد ، حرابہ، ترک صلوٰۃ ، ترک صوم، سحر اور وطی بہائم۔ "
علامہ کاسانی ؒکے مطابق حدود کی تعداد پانچ ہے، جو کہ مندرجہ ذیل ہیں:
"الْحُدُودُ خَمْسَةُ أَنْوَاعٍ حَدُّ السَّرِقَةِ وَحَدُّ الزِّنَا وَحَدُّ الشُّرْبِ وَحَدُّ السُّكْرِ وَحَدُّ الْقَذْفِ۔ "65
ابن قدامہ ؒ حدود کی تعداد سات کا ذکر کرتے ہوئے لکھتے ہیں
"الْحُدُودُ سبعۃأَنْوَاعٍ حَدُّ السَّرِقَةِ وَحَدُّ الزِّنَا وَحَدُّ الشُّرْبِ وَحَدُّ الْقَذْفِوَحَدُّ الحرابۃ وحد الردۃ وحد بغی۔ "66
عبدالقادر عودہ شہید ؒکے بقول حدود کی تعداد سات ہے ، جو کہ یہ ہیں:
"جرائم الحدود معینۃ ومحددۃ العدد وھی سبع جرائم حَدُّ الزِّنَا وَحَدُّ السُّكْرِ وَحَدُّ الْقَذْفِ حَدُّ السَّرِقَةِوَحَدُّ الحرابۃ وحد ارتداد وحد بغی "67
جسٹس تنزیل الرحمن کے مطابق حدود اللہ کی تعداد چھ ہے
"حَدُّ الزِّنَا وَحَدُّ الْقَذْفِ وَحَدُّ الشُّرْبِ حَدُّ السَّرِقَةِ وَحَدُّ الحرابۃوحد الردۃ۔...
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) was sent to establish justice. He made use of law and good conduct to achieve this great target. Complete investigation and transport exploration is of universal value that holds fundamental significance in legal system. This research article presents insight, broadness and transparency of investigatory system established by the Prophet (PBUH). It also highlights rules and laws in the light of valid research references. All these features are evident in Prophet’s personality. In this regard, keeping in view the nature of topic, the guidance has been sought from the commands of The Quran, Hadith and different incidents of the life of Muhammad (SAWW). A discussion has been premeditated to explore Prophet’s tactics regarding law of investigation. This research article, having research outlook and logical link, touches upon the rules and principles which the Holy Prophet (PBUH) has given us for the recognition of the real culprit of good judgment, clues and witnesses. Investigative departments are radically important for the protection of Islam, maintenance of peace, internal stability and the protection of life, honor and property of people living in the society. The charter of these agencies is to abolish oppression, establish justice, impose the writ of law, and punish the guilty and to bring lawbreakers within the grip of law. The officer who performs the above duties is known as Naazir e Jaraaim1 in Islamic jurisprudential terminology. Further duties which fall within the remit of this officer are: Investigation of charges, production of the accused before a court of law, getting proven criminals sentenced by the court, executing the sentence handed down, releasing the accused in case evidence is not sufficient and getting wrongful accusers punished properly.
The core rationale behind the study is investigating the impact of knowledge management practices upon organizational performance of the companies associated with Telecom Sector in Balochistan. The four major objectives behind this research study are; first, determining whether there exist any knowledge management practices in the selected companies, secondly, to determine whether their performance is satisfactory, thirdly, to determine that there exists an empirical relationship linking knowledge management practices with organizational performance of those companies. At last, comes explaining the impact of knowledge management practices upon the organizational performance of those companies in terms of competitive advantage, better service delivery, creation of value, innovation, efficiency and productivity. An adopted questionnaire has been used for the collection of primary data in Quetta, Balochistan. The major companies related with the Telecom sector in Balochistan are PTCL, Ufone, and Mobilink. The study concentrates on the opinion of 301 employees of these companies operating in Quetta, Balochistan. Results have been compiled from 301 filled in questionnaires with tables. It is revealed by the results that knowledge management practices such as orientation towards knowledge, organizational learning, development of innovative culture, individual-based approach, and competence development have significant impact on organizational performance of the three selected companies of Balochistan. The results have also demonstrated that knowledge management practices are having positive association with the organizational performance of these companies. This research proves that organizational performance gets better with the introduction and implementation of these knowledge management practices.