توانائی اورملکی ترقی
توانائی سے مرادطاقت ہے، اور پوری عالمی تاریخ اس بات کی گواہ ہے کہ قوم اس وقت تک ترقی کی منازل طے نہیں کرسکتی جب تک وہ اپنے جسم و جاں میں قوت پیدا نہ کرے کیونکہ حرکت میں برکت ہے اور حرکت کے لیے توانائی کی ضرورت ہے۔ دنیا کا کوئی ادنیٰ سے ادنیٰ کام بھی اس وقت تک پایۂ تکمیل تک نہیں پہنچ سکتا جب تک اس کے لیے مناسب قوت اور طاقت فراہم نہ کی جائے۔ آنکھ کے جھپکنے سے لے کر پہاڑ سے دودھ کی نہر نکا لنے تک جملہ امور بغیر طاقت اور توانائی کے سرانجام نہیں دیے جا سکے۔
ملکی ترقی سے مراد پاکستان کی ترقی ہے، پاکستان ہمارا وطن ہے، پاکستان ہمارا دیس ہے، پاکستان ہماری آن ہے، اور اسی سے ہی ہماری شان ہے، اس کی آن ، بان اور شان ایسی صورت میں برقرار رکھی جاسکتی ہے کہ شب و روز ایک کر کے اس کی تعمیر وترقی میں ہر ایک’’ ہرکس بقدر،ہمّت اوست‘‘ کے تحت اپنا اپنا حصہ شامل کرے، معلم ہے تو وہ طلباء کو زیورِ تعلیم سے آراستہ کر کے اس کی تعمیر وترقی میں حصہ لے، متعلم ہے تو وہ اپنے آپ کو مطالعہ کے لیے وقف کر کے اس کی ترقی کے لیے توانائی کے اسباب بہم پہنچائے۔ کیونکہ توانائی کوئی ایسی غیر مرئی چیز نہیں ہے کہ انسان کو علم بھی نہ ہو اور ملک ترقی کرتا جائے۔ توانائی اور عوام النّاس لازم وملزوم ہیں۔ انسان کا ہاتھ حرکت کرے تو توانائی پیدا ہوتی ہے۔ انسان کا دماغ حرکت کرے اور توانائی کی پیداوار میں اپنااپنا حصہ شامل کرے تو توانائی کی پیداوار میں اضافہ شروع ہو جا تا ہے۔ پاکستان کو ترقی یافتہ بنانے کے لیے بڑے بڑے دماغ جب حرکت میں آتے ہیں تو مختلف شعبوں میں...
Background of the Study: Lockdown was implemented worldwide to limit the spread of COVID-19. This sudden implementation of lockdown causes significant lifestyle changes for every individual. Along with the general population, it also has psychological, behavioral, and physical consequences on athletes. The study objective is to determine the occurrence of lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries during the COVID-19 lockdown in athletes.
Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study design was used, and participants were recruited by a non-probability convenient sampling technique. A sample size of 147 was taken as calculated by the Raosoft software, and the study was completed 6 months. Both male and female athletes between the age group of 18-35 years, participants who did not participate in any official training session during the lockdown and registered at domestic level for at least 2 years were recruited from Pakistan Sports Board and Wapda Sports Complex Lahore. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to identify the problematic painful areas of body. Data entry, analysis, and interpretation were done by using SPSS software version 22.0.
Results: The mean age and BMI of participants were 25.6531±4.49 (years) and 23.28±3.24 (kg/m2) respectively. From the total, 39.5% of participants reported lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries. And most reported problematic areas include lower back and knee. 75% of participants continue to do workouts at home as a prevention strategy against injury occurrence.
Conclusion: This concluded that the occurrence of lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries during the lockdown was moderate.
This thesis presents studies on magnetic and magnetoelectric behavior of composite multiferroics, materials that are strong candidates for next generation multifunctional devices. These investigations have been carried out on matrix based composite magnetoelectric multiferroics consisting of magnetostrictive cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and piezoelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) or bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3), with the magnetostrictive phase embedded in a three dimensional matrix of the piezoelectric phase. The direct magnetoelectric (ME) effect has been investigated in 0-3 composites of BaTiO3 (BTO) and CoFe2O4 (CFO). The ME response has been found to depend non- linearly on the ratio of the magnetostrictive (CFO) content and it is proportional to the strength of the applied magnetic field. The non-linear behavior is explained in terms of the compound effect of the increasing CFO content and the number density of CFO-BTO interfaces. Epitaxial self-assembled nanocomposite thin films were grown by laser ablating targets of magnetostrictive (CoFe2O4) and piezoelectric (BiFeO3 or BaTiO3) phases, on (001) oriented substrates using a combinatorial approach. The surface morphology of the nanocomposite films reveal CFO nanopillars protruding out of a flat piezoelectric matrix. Structural properties were investigated by a four-circle diffractometer, which revealed the presence of the epitaxially grown phases and was used to find the in-plane and out-of-plane lattice parameters of the constituent phases. The magnetization hysteresis loops were measured by a SQUID magnetometer at room temperature. The highly magnetostrictive CFO phase under epitaxial strain from the piezoelectric matrix, exhibits a strong perpendicular anisotropy in the magnetic properties. Changes in the magnetic anisotropy were investigated under different strain conditions induced by (i) post growth annealing, (ii) exploiting phase transitions in the BaTiO3 substrate, and (iii) applying an electric field to the electromechanical substrates. It has been shown that by exploiting the hysteretic properties of a suitable electromechanical substrate, one can control volatile or non-volatile magnetic states by means of an electric field. These results make an important contribution towards the understanding and potential applications of magnetoelectric multiferroics.