Geopolitical Dynamics: Syria's Diplomatic En-deavors in a Complex Region

 In order to prevent tensions, promote economic cooperation, and obstruct regional integration, the document emphasizes the importance of territorial and economic disputes within the Syria Territory. It highlights how diplomacy plays a key role in reaching agreements and resolving these conflicts. Regarding Syria's position regarding Israel, diplomatic endeavors are essential for resolving more general geopolitical issues. Syria's strategic location makes it a key player in trade routes, and diplomatic initiatives are aimed at ensuring economic benefits and regional stability. Syria's diplomatic landscape is further shaped by Russian support, which offers political backing in international negotiations. The Geneva Conference, Astana, and Sochi processes are important platforms for tackling the complex issues at hand, bringing together regional and international players to identify all-encompassing solutions. Overall, the document elucidates how diplomacy not only addresses territorial and economic concerns within Syria but also navigates the complexities of the broader geopolitical context, such as Syria's role in the Arab-Israeli conflict and its economic aspirations linked to trade routes. It highlights various diplomatic initiatives that can promote stability, prosperity, and mutual benefits while also fostering regional integration. Policymakers who want to use diplomatic means to advance peace and stability in this region will find this information useful. Keywords: Syria, Diplomacy, Geneva, Astana, and Sochi.

Rhetorical Factors in Perpetuation of Power in Contemporary Power Politics

Rhetorical Factors in Perpetuation of Power in Contemporary Power Politics This study explores the way in which language is manipulated and misused by political leaders of dominant powers. The use of rhetorical devices such as euphemism and dysphemism in the political speeches of president G.W Bush of the United States of America and prime minister Tony Blair of the United Kingdom when investigated through the use of CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis), has highlighted the fact that ideological manipulations are stated, performed, maintained and at times, inculcated through discursive structures, It provides information about the general emptiness and deceitfulness of political rhetoric and in this context, has discussed the increasing use of euphemism, dysphemism as binary oppositions in politics of power relevant to the modem day scenario, with special emphasis on the role of language after 9/11. The rhetorical devices have turned out to be very accurate criteria for the evaluation of the mind-set and opinions in the ideological manipulations of the discourse and are closely tied up with 'Polarization' of the intended positive self representation 'US' and negative other representation 'THEM'. The study as the first step would discuss the tools or language such as euphemism and dysphemism and their usage through binary oppositions that are later to be applied to the text collected through media, magazines, books, and the internet. These are the discursive structures applied to boost, tone down, avoid or exaggerate the issues. The impact of these speeches on Pakistan and the way its Government responded to it, is going to be discussed later on. The findings of the study can be beneficial in the development of students' and scholars' critical thinking abilities in the comprehension and production of language and also stimulate them to equip themselves with relevant devices to detect manipulative and ideologically biased language.