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Students perceptions of the learning environment and their approaches to study

Thesis Info

Author

Ullah, Raza

Program

PhD

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Subject

Education

Language

English

Other

Call No :370.15 R 21 S

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676728482581

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108. Al-Kawthar/The Abundance

108. Al-Kawthar/The Abundance

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

108:01
a. O The Prophet!
b. Surely WE have granted you unceasing abundance.

108:02
a. So stand in Salat/Prayers for your Rabb - The Lord with devotion and dedication, and
b. make sacrifice for HIM in gratitude.

108:03
a. Indeed, your opponent who satirizes you and detests you – he has been cut off from all that is good and posterity.

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This article explores the fascinating intersection of science and art through the lens of scientific visualization. It delves into the captivating world of visual representations of scientific data, showcasing how these creations transcend mere data analysis to become powerful tools of creative expression. By examining the synergy between scientific inquiry and artistic vision, this article illuminates the profound impact of scientific visualization on our understanding of the cosmos and the role it plays in inspiring both scientists and artists alike.

Preparation, Analysis and Photocatalytic Applications of Carbon Nanotubes Supported Bimetallic Oxides Nanoparticles

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were treated with HNO3 and H2SO4 to obtain activated/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (A-MWCNTs). The functionalization increases the stability and dispersive properties of the A-MWCNTs. A-MWCNTs supported and unsupported bimetallic oxides nanoparticles were synthesized from their respective salts through chemical reduction method. Five different supported and unsupported bimetallic oxides nanoparticles (A-MWCNTs/Mn–Zn oxides and Mn-Zn oxides NPs), (A-MWCNTs/Fe-Mn oxides and Fe-Mn oxides NPs), (A-MWCNTs/Cu-Ti oxides and Cu-Ti oxides NPs), (A MWCNTs/Ag-Co oxides and Ag-Co oxides NPs) and (A-MWCNTs/Co-Ti oxides and Co-Ti oxides NPs) were prepared. The supported and unsupported bimetallic nanoparticles were characterized by various instrumental techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-rays (EDX) and X-rays diffraction (XRD). The SEM images shows that bimetallic oxides nanoparticles are mostly in spherical form. It also shows that the supported bimetallic oxides NPs are mostly in dispersed form on the surface of A-MWCNTs while the unsupported bimetallic oxides NPs are in agglomerated form and hence have low surface area as compared to the supported bimetallic oxides NPs. The EDX spectra show the concerned composition of the prepared supported and unsupported bimetallic oxides NPs. The EDX spectra also revealed that bimetallic NPs are in their oxides form as confirmed from the presence of oxygen. The presence of oxygen also confirms the functionalization of the A-MWCNTs, as carboxyl functional group is introduced during the acid treatment. All the supported and unsupported bimetallic oxides NPs were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of different dyes under UV irradiation in aqueous medium. In the photodegradation study, A-MWCNTs/Mn– Zn oxides and Mn-Zn oxides NPs were used for the photodegradation of malachite green, A MWCNTs/Fe-Mn oxides and Fe-Mn oxides NPs for methylene blue, A-MWCNTs/Cu-Ti oxides and Cu-Ti oxides NPs for alizarin red, A-MWCNTs/Ag-Co oxides and Ag-Co oxides NPs for congo red and A-MWCNTs/Co-Ti oxides and Co-Ti oxides NPs for Rhodamine-B dye photodegradation. The photodegradation of all the dyes shows that the supported bimetallic oxides NPs caused more degradation of the dye compared to the unsupported bimetallic oxides NPs. This is due to the dispersion of the bimetallic NPs on the surface of A-MWCNTs. The effect of various parameters such as the irradiation time, catalyst dosage, dye concentration and pH of the medium on the photodegradation of dyes was studied. The catalytic efficiency of recycled photocatalysts was also evaluated for the same dye under the same experimental conditions, which showed less activity compared to the original photocatalysts.