مولانا لقاء اﷲ عثمانی
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں مولانا لقاء اﷲ صاحب عثمانی کاان کے وطن پانی پت میں انتقال ہوگیا۔عمراگر چہ اسی (۸۰) برس سے زیادہ تھی لیکن قویٰ اچھے تھے۔ شب کے آخری حصہ میں ان پر دل کادورہ پڑااور صبح تک مرغِ روح قفسِ عنصری سے پرواز کرگیا۔انا ﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون ۔
مولانا تحریکِ خلافت اور پھر تحریک آزادی دونوں کے ممتاز زعما میں تھے اور اس جرم میں عمر کے سات برس قیدوبندکی سختیاں برداشت کرچکے تھے۔ان کا ساجری، بے خوف اور بے لوث ہونا سخت مشکل ہے۔ ستمبر ۱۹۴۷ء کا تصور کیجیے، ملک کوتقسیم ہوئے ابھی دوہفتے ہوئے ہیں پورامشرقی پنجاب قتل وغارت گری کی آگ میں جل رہاہے اور پانی پت بھی اس سے مستثنیٰ نہیں۔مسلمان قافلہ درقافلہ روانہ ہورہے ہیں یہاں تک کہ شام آئی جب کہ پورے پانی پت میں صرف ایک مولانا تنہامسلمان رہ گئے۔ عزم واستقلال اور پھر مخلصانہ خدمتِ خلق کانتیجہ یہ ہوا کہ جولوگ مسلمان کی صورت تک دیکھنے کے روادار نہ تھے وہ بھی مولانا کے گرویدہ اورخدمت گزار ہوگئے۔ طبعاً نہایت شگفتہ مزاج اورعملاً بڑے عابد و مرتاض تھے۔ مجھ پرہمیشہ بڑی شفقت فرماتے تھے ۔چند برس ہوئے علی گڑھ اپنی آنکھ بنوانے کی غرض سے آئے ہوئے تھے اوراپنے ایک عزیز کے ہاں مقیم تھے۔ میں حاضر ہواتوحسبِ معمول غیرمعمولی شفقت بزرگانہ کے ساتھ پیش آئے اور جس چارپائی پر وہ بیٹھے تھے میں اس کی پائینتی کی جانب بیٹھنے لگاتو فرمایا کہ یہ ہر گز نہیں ہوگا اور ہاتھ پکڑ کرزبردستی سراہنے بٹھایا۔ میں نے عرض کیاحضرت! آج یہ خلاف معمول اس درجہ تکلف کیوں؟ چمک کر جواب دیا ’’ہوں !تمہاری کتاب ’صدیق اکبر‘ اﷲ کے ہاں مقبول ہوگئی ہے اور یہ مجھے خواب میں دکھایا گیا ہے تو کیا اب بھی میں تمہاری تعظیم نہیں کروں گا ‘‘۔اﷲ...
Watermelon is gaining importance as a functional food due to its therapeutic effect. The therapeutic effect of watermelon has been reported and has been attributed to antioxidant constitutes. The major component in watermelon rind is citrulline that has a strong antioxidant effect which protect body from free-radical damage. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of microwave powers (150 W, 300 W & 450 W) and time intervals (1, 3 & 5 minutes) on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant characteristics i.e. DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) of microwave assisted extracts of watermelon rind powder. Methods: The extracts collected after Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of watermelon rind wereanalyzed for their antioxidant potential through different tests including total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH assayand FRAP. Results: Microwave assisted extraction by using ethanol as a solvent at different microwave powers and various time intervals showed that total antioxidant potential was significantly higher at low microwave power such as TPC ranges obtained at 150W for 1, 3 & 5 minutes of time intervals show ranges (159.84, 160.04 & 169.71 mg GAE/100 g). While TFC ranges at 150W for time 1, 3 & 5 minutes were (21.31, 24.15 & 42.20 mg CEQ/100g) whereas DPPH ranges at 150W for time 1, 3 & 5 minutes were (53.14, 54.87 & 68.17 % ascorbic acid inhibition) and FRAP values at 150W for time 1, 3 & 5 minutes were (201.71, 221.50 & 326.43 mg FE/100g). While high microwave power 450W can result in disruption of some antioxidants at various time intervals. Conclusions: Watermelon rind is a rich source of many antioxidants andmicrowave assisted extraction technique should be implemented in the food and nutraceutical industries and microwave assisted extracts of watermelon rind should be utilize for the development of new functional food to combat many health related problems
Insect pest infestation is a major constraint in cotton production and causes heavy yield losses every year. Some studies report that insect pests attack on genotypes/cultivars with the traits, frego bracts, okra leaf, and red leaf color is comparatively lower. The genotypes/cultivars with these traits were planted and separated by fine netting to assess insect pest infestation in comparison to commercial cultivars. The Gossypium arboreum cultivar, FH-170 had minimum number of population buildup of sucking and chewing insect pests. Among hirsutum genotypes/cultivars, minimum population buildup of thrips, mites, spotted bollworm and American bollworm was found on Gumbo Okra. Minimum aphid was recorded on Russian Red. PBG-Fb-5 showed the most resistant response against pink bollworm. Population buildup of thrips, mites and aphid was relatively higher under water deficit conditions compared to well watered conditions whereas, population buildup of jassid, and white fly was higher under well watered conditions but was non-significant. Populations of parents, F1 and segregation pattern of F2 and backcross populations of crosses involving okra leaf, frego bract and red leaf traits showed that the traits were monogenic, okra leaf type and red leaf color being incompletely dominant and frego bract as recessive trait. Gene action of agronomic traits (plant height, number of bolls, number of monopodial branches, number of sympodial branches, boll weight, lint percentage, seed index, fiber fineness, fiber strength, and fiber length) in the crosses involving okra leaf, frego bract and red leaf color were different. Heritability estimates for different agronomic traits in the crosses of okra leaf, frego bract and red leaf color varied from 0.26 to 0.95. These results showed the interaction of the insect resistant traits with agronomic traits. Correlation of the traits, okra leaf, frego bract and red leaf color with agronomic traits showed that okra leaf positively correlated with sympodial branches, lint percentage, fiber fineness (measurement scale has inverse relationship with fiber fineness) and fiber length whereas, negative correlation of okra leaf was observed with plant height and seed index. Frego bract had negative correlation with boll weight and lint percentage. Red leaf color had positive association with lint percentage and negative correlation with number of bolls and sympodial branches and fiber strength. Negative correlation of these insect resistant traits with some desirable agronomic traits reveal that very large F2 population would be required to find insect resistant recombinants with desirable agronomic attributes. The correlations among agronomic traits in the crosses involving different insect resistant traits were different which suggest that while incorporating each insect resistant trait into a strain, a different breeding strategy will have to be followed. Simple qualitative nature of the traits, okra leaf, frego bract and red leaf color reveals that the traits may easily be incorporated into commercial cultivars.